Examining patterns of opioid overdose hotspots and opioid treatment deserts in California

检查加利福尼亚州阿片类药物过量热点和阿片类药物治疗沙漠的模式

• 批准号: 10679608
• 负责人: Samuel Jaros
• 金额: $ 4.64万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-06 至 2025-09-05
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10679608
• 关键词: Address; Age; American; Bayesian Modeling; Behavioral; Big Data; COVID-19; Calibration; California; Charities; Clinical; Cloud Computing; Collaborations; Color; Communities; Community Health; Computing Methodologies; County; Data; Data Science; Data Sources; Development; Discipline; Disease; Disparity; Economic Factors; Economics; Emergency medical service; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Face; Fellowship; Future; Gender; Grant; HIV Infections; Health; Homelessness; Hospitalization; Housing; Income; Infrastructure; Ingestion; Intervention; Interview; Investments; Linear Regressions; Link; Location; Maps; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Not Hispanic or Latino; Opiate Addiction; Opioid; Outcome; Overdose; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Population Analysis; Postdoctoral Fellow; Poverty; Psychiatry; Psychologist; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Qualitative Research; Race; Reproducibility; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resource Allocation; Resources; Role; Rural Community; Science; Social Work; Structure; System; Time; Time trend; Tobacco use; Training; Transportation; Travel; Uncertainty; United States; Universities; Urbanicity; Visualization; Vulnerable Populations; Work; career; citizen science; dashboard; data ecosystem; design; epidemiology study; ethnic minority population; experience; faculty mentor; health care availability; health data; health determinants; innovation; insight; opioid epidemic; opioid misuse; opioid mortality; opioid overdose; opioid use; opioid use disorder; opioid user; population health; predictive modeling; programs; public health research; racial minority population; response; rural area; rural dwellers; rural setting; skills; social; social epidemiology; social factors; sociodemographic variables; statistics; stem; suburban communities; treatment center; trend; urban area; web platform

PROJECT SUMMARY Opioid use disorder (OUD) has proven to be a debilitating and deadly disease. Vulnerable populations including the homeless; racial and ethnic minority groups; people in poverty; and rural residents often bear the highest burden. Previous research suggests that localized sub-county analyses are necessary to understand the patterns and determinants of opiate overdoses. However, most local public health departments do not have the resources to laboriously collect, clean, and analyze the required data. We aim to provide sub-county analyses of opioid overdose hotspots and opioid treatment deserts that will reveal actionable patterns for California public health officials to directly address their county’s needs. Specific Aims: (1) to use hospitalizations from 2005-2022 to detect opioid overdose hotspots using SaTScan and Bayesian spatial modeling, (2) to use emergency medical services and treatment center location data to map opioid treatment deserts defined by long travel times to treatment centers, and (3) to apply qualitative research methods with county officials identifying additional local determinants of hotspots and treatment deserts not obvious from quantitative analyses of population-level data. We will use our web platform, the Public Health Data Ecosystem, to visualize our conclusions about the link between hotspots; treatment deserts; and the social, economic, and environmental determinants of health. These relevant and easily comprehendible dashboards will lend themselves directly to resource allocation, policy changes, and development of targeted interventions. The training plan provides the skills needed for the fellowship applicant to begin a successful career as an independent investigator in translational public health research on opioid use disorder. He will undertake training in clinical opioid use and treatment; advanced geospatial methods and modeling; and qualitative methods to apply and tailor research findings for public health impact. The candidate will be mentored by faculty from across disciplines including epidemiology, psychiatry, data science, geospatial analyses, and statistics. Dr. Nelson, the primary sponsor, leads the T32 training grant in behavioral, social, and population health research that the candidate will continue to benefit from, and a fellow T32 director at Emory University, Dr. Waller, will serve an important mentoring role for the application of advanced geospatial analyses. Other mentors include leading researchers in opiate addiction from the Department of Psychiatry Drs. Humphries and McGovern; two social epidemiology research mentors Drs. Rehkopf and Kiang; and a health psychologist specializing in qualitative methods and citizen science Dr. King. Through this fellowship, the applicant will advance translational methods in opioid use disorder, receive training and mentorship from world-class sponsors and collaborators, and be prepared for independent public health research in his postdoctoral work.

项目摘要 阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）已被证明是一种使人衰弱和致命的疾病。弱势群体 包括无家可归者、少数民族和少数族裔群体、贫困人口和农村居民， 最大的负担以前的研究表明，本地化的子县分析是必要的，以了解 鸦片过量的模式和决定因素然而，大多数地方公共卫生部门没有 费力地收集、清理和分析所需数据的资源。我们的目标是提供分县 分析阿片类药物过量热点和阿片类药物治疗沙漠，将揭示可采取行动的模式， 加州公共卫生官员直接解决他们县的需求。具体目标：（1）使用 2005-2022年的住院病例，使用SaTScan和贝叶斯空间分析检测阿片类药物过量热点 建模，（2）使用紧急医疗服务和治疗中心位置数据来映射阿片类药物治疗 沙漠定义的长途旅行时间的治疗中心，（3）应用定性研究方法， 县官员确定了热点和治疗沙漠的其他当地决定因素， 人口数据的定量分析。我们将使用我们的网络平台，公共卫生数据 生态系统，可视化我们关于热点之间联系的结论;治疗沙漠;和社会， 健康的经济和环境决定因素。这些相关且易于理解的仪表板 将直接有助于资源分配、政策变化和有针对性的干预措施的制定。 培训计划提供研究金申请人开始成功的职业生涯所需的技能， 阿片类药物使用障碍转化公共卫生研究的独立调查员。他将承担 临床阿片类药物使用和治疗培训;先进的地理空间方法和建模;定性 应用和调整研究结果以产生公共卫生影响的方法。候选人将接受以下人员的指导： 跨学科的教师，包括流行病学，精神病学，数据科学，地理空间分析， 统计纳尔逊博士，主要赞助商，领导在行为，社会和人口的T32培训补助金 健康研究，候选人将继续受益于，和同胞T32主任在埃默里大学， 博士Waller将在高级地理空间分析的应用方面发挥重要的指导作用。其他 导师包括来自精神病学系的阿片类药物成瘾方面的领先研究人员汉弗莱斯博士， 麦戈文;两名社会流行病学研究导师Drs. McGovern和Kiang;以及一名健康心理学家 专门研究定性方法和公民科学的金博士通过这项奖学金，申请人将 推进阿片类药物使用障碍的转化方法，接受世界一流的培训和指导 赞助商和合作者，并准备在他的博士后工作的独立公共卫生研究。