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Container mosquitoes and microorganism productivity

容器蚊子和微生物生产力

基本信息

批准号：
6617768
负责人：
STEVEN A JULIANO
金额：
$ 14万
依托单位：
ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-05-02 至 2007-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6617768
关键词：
Culicidae animal population density disease vectors environmental contamination field study geographic difference guinea pigs laboratory mouse microorganism growth microorganism population study species difference

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Although the quantity of detritus entering water-filled containers has well-known positive effects on performance mosquitoes such as Ochlerotatus triseriatus (vector of LaCrosse encephalitis) and Aedes albopictus (vector of dengue and other viruses), the mechanistic connection between detritus and mosquito production is less well understood. Most container mosquitoes do not feed detritus itself (leaves, insect carcasses, and nutrient-bearing stem flow), but rather on bacteria, fungi, and protozoans that form a food chain with detritus at its base. The few studies that have investigated the relationship between microorganism populations and detritus amounts or types have done so by measuring static densities of microbes, but such counts do not represent rates of productivity. It is the rate of conversion of these detritus resources to edible microorganism biomass that determines production of mosquito adults, and perhaps the composition of local container mosquito communities. We will determine how changes in the types and amounts of detritus inputs into containers affect the productivity (measured as rates of consumption of oxygen and leucine incorporation into protein) of microorganism communities, and how microorganism productivity translates into the performance Oc. triseriatus and Ae. albopictus, as well as the invertebrate community with which they exist. Our first specific aim is to determine how detritus input rates vary between tree holes (primary habitat of Oc. triseriatus) and tires (primary habitat of Ae. albopictus), and how these rates of input vary in space and time. We will use this information to pursue our second aim, determining how input rates are correlated with microorganism productivity in the field, and our third aim, determining how composition of detritus input determines microorganism productivity under controlled conditions. Our fourth aim is to determine how detritus composition, and associated differences in microorganism productivity affect the outcome of competition between Oc. triseriatus and Ae. atbopictus. Our fifth aim is to use information from aims 1 - 3 as a base for a field experiment to determine how changing total amount and rate of input of detritus to containers affects abundance of mosquitoes and invertebrate diversity in nature. This research will increase our knowledge of determinants of vector mosquito production and distribution and abundance.

描述(申请人提供)：尽管进入装满水的容器的碎屑数量对蚊子的性能有众所周知的积极影响，如LaCrosse脑炎的媒介Ochlerotatus triseriatus和传播登革热和其他病毒的白纹伊蚊，但碎屑和蚊子产生之间的机制联系还不太清楚。大多数容器蚊子本身不以碎屑(树叶、昆虫身体和营养茎流)为食，而是以细菌、真菌和原生动物为食，这些细菌、真菌和原生动物形成了以碎屑为底部的食物链。调查微生物数量和碎屑数量或类型之间关系的少数研究是通过测量微生物的静态密度来实现的，但这样的计数并不代表生产率。正是这些碎屑资源转化为可食用微生物生物量的速度决定了蚊子成虫的产量，也许还决定了当地容器蚊子群落的组成。我们将确定输入到容器中的碎屑类型和数量的变化如何影响微生物群落的生产力(以氧气消耗和亮氨酸掺入蛋白质的速率衡量)，以及微生物生产力如何转化为性能Oc。Triseriatus和Ae.白纹伊蚊，以及与之共存的无脊椎动物群落。我们的第一个具体目标是确定碎屑输入率在树洞(Oc.的主要栖息地)之间的差异。Triseriatus)和轮胎(Ae.白纹伊蚊)，以及这些输入速率在空间和时间上的变化。我们将使用这些信息来实现我们的第二个目标，确定投入率如何与田间微生物生产率相关，以及我们的第三个目标，确定碎屑投入的组成如何在受控条件下决定微生物生产率。我们的第四个目标是确定碎屑的组成和相关的微生物生产力的差异如何影响Oc之间的竞争结果。Triseriatus和Ae.阿波比图斯。我们的第五个目标是使用目标1-3中的信息作为现场实验的基础，以确定改变向容器中输入碎屑的总量和速率如何影响蚊子和自然界无脊椎动物的多样性。这项研究将增加我们对媒介蚊子生产、分布和丰度的决定因素的了解。