Evaluation of Optical Imaging for Seizure Localization

癫痫定位光学成像评估

• 批准号: 6757732
• 负责人: MICHAEL M. HAGLUND
• 金额: $ 17.81万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6757732
• 关键词: Macaca; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; electroencephalography; epilepsy; microelectrodes; neocortex; neurosurgery; optical tomography; optics; spectrometry; surgery material /equipment; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to study the accuracy of optical imaging for the localization of epileptogenic tissue in a primate model of neocortical epilepsy. Approximately 2 million people in the United States have epilepsy, and 20-30% of this population is refractory to all medical treatments. The only viable treatment for patients suffering from intractable epilepsy is surgical resection of the epileptogenic tissue. The surgical outcomes of patients suffering from neocortical epilepsy are only half as good as the surgical outcomes from resections of mesial temporal sclerosis. The main difficulty in the treatment of neocortical epilepsy is that current technology has limited accuracy in mapping neocortical epileptogenic tissue. It is precisely this problem -increasing the accuracy of the localization of epileptogenic tissue in neocortex - that this proposed research aims to solve. To address this problem, we will compare the accuracy of a new optical imaging method to the current clinical 'gold standard' of surface electrode grid array recordings. It is known that the optical spectroscopic properties of brain tissue are correlated with changes in neuronal activity. The method of mapping these activity-evoked optical changes is known as 'imaging of intrinsic optical signals' (IIOS). Activity-evoked optical changes measured in neocortex are most likely generated by changes in cerebral hemodynamics (i.e. changes in blood oxygenation and blood volume). Our experimental approach will be to acquire high resolution IIOS maps of epileptiform activity in an acute primate model of epilepsy, and to carefully compare the accuracy of IIOS maps to the current 'gold standard' -- recordings from surface electrode arrays. Our specific aims are to i) Determine the accuracy of optical spectroscopy for localizing neocortical neuronal populations involved in the generation and spread epileptogenic activity, and ii) Compare the accuracy of optical spectroscopic mapping to the 'gold standard' electrode grid arrays to guide the surgical resection of epileptic tissue.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目目的是研究光学成像在灵长类动物新皮层癫痫模型中致痫组织定位的准确性。在美国，大约有200万人患有癫痫，其中20-30%的人对所有药物治疗都是难治性的。顽固性癫痫患者唯一可行的治疗方法是手术切除致痫组织。新皮质癫痫患者的手术效果只有切除内侧颞叶硬化症手术效果的一半。新皮质癫痫治疗的主要困难是目前的技术在定位新皮质癫痫组织方面的准确性有限。正是这个问题——提高新皮层中致癫痫组织定位的准确性——这一提出的研究旨在解决。为了解决这个问题，我们将比较一种新的光学成像方法的准确性与目前表面电极网格阵列记录的临床“金标准”。众所周知，脑组织的光学光谱特性与神经元活动的变化有关。绘制这些活动引起的光学变化的方法被称为“内在光信号成像”（IIOS）。在新皮层中测量到的活动诱发的光学变化很可能是由脑血流动力学的变化（即血氧和血容量的变化）引起的。我们的实验方法将是在急性癫痫灵长类动物模型中获得高分辨率的癫痫样活动IIOS图，并仔细比较IIOS图的准确性与当前的“金标准”-表面电极阵列记录。我们的具体目标是：i)确定用于定位参与癫痫发生活动产生和扩散的新皮层神经元群的光谱学的准确性；ii)将光谱学映射的准确性与“金标准”电极网格阵列进行比较，以指导癫痫组织的手术切除。