Evaluation of Optical Imaging for Seizure Localization

癫痫定位光学成像评估

• 批准号: 6859428
• 负责人: MICHAEL M. HAGLUND
• 金额: $ 17.81万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6859428
• 关键词: Macaca; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; electroencephalography; epilepsy; microelectrodes; neocortex; neurosurgery; optical tomography; optics; spectrometry; surgery material /equipment; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to study the accuracy of optical imaging for the localization of epileptogenic tissue in a primate model of neocortical epilepsy. Approximately 2 million people in the United States have epilepsy, and 20-30% of this population is refractory to all medical treatments. The only viable treatment for patients suffering from intractable epilepsy is surgical resection of the epileptogenic tissue. The surgical outcomes of patients suffering from neocortical epilepsy are only half as good as the surgical outcomes from resections of mesial temporal sclerosis. The main difficulty in the treatment of neocortical epilepsy is that current technology has limited accuracy in mapping neocortical epileptogenic tissue. It is precisely this problem -increasing the accuracy of the localization of epileptogenic tissue in neocortex - that this proposed research aims to solve. To address this problem, we will compare the accuracy of a new optical imaging method to the current clinical 'gold standard' of surface electrode grid array recordings. It is known that the optical spectroscopic properties of brain tissue are correlated with changes in neuronal activity. The method of mapping these activity-evoked optical changes is known as 'imaging of intrinsic optical signals' (IIOS). Activity-evoked optical changes measured in neocortex are most likely generated by changes in cerebral hemodynamics (i.e. changes in blood oxygenation and blood volume). Our experimental approach will be to acquire high resolution IIOS maps of epileptiform activity in an acute primate model of epilepsy, and to carefully compare the accuracy of IIOS maps to the current 'gold standard' -- recordings from surface electrode arrays. Our specific aims are to i) Determine the accuracy of optical spectroscopy for localizing neocortical neuronal populations involved in the generation and spread epileptogenic activity, and ii) Compare the accuracy of optical spectroscopic mapping to the 'gold standard' electrode grid arrays to guide the surgical resection of epileptic tissue.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是研究光学成像在灵长类动物新皮质癫痫模型中定位致癫痫组织的准确性。 在美国，大约有200万人患有癫痫，其中20-30%的人对所有药物治疗都是难治性的。 对于患有难治性癫痫的患者，唯一可行的治疗方法是手术切除致癫痫组织。 新皮质癫痫患者的手术结果只有颞叶内侧硬化切除术的一半好。 治疗新皮质癫痫的主要困难是目前的技术在映射新皮质致癫痫组织方面具有有限的准确性。 正是这个问题--增加新皮层中致癫痫组织定位的准确性--这项拟议中的研究旨在解决。 为了解决这个问题，我们将比较一种新的光学成像方法的准确性，目前的临床“金标准”的表面电极网格阵列记录。 已知脑组织的光学光谱特性与神经元活动的变化相关。 映射这些活动诱发的光学变化的方法被称为“内在光学信号成像”（IIOS）。 在新皮层中测量的活动诱发的光学变化最有可能是由大脑血液动力学的变化（即血氧和血容量的变化）产生的。 我们的实验方法将是在急性癫痫灵长类动物模型中获得癫痫样活动的高分辨率IIOS地图，并将IIOS地图的准确性与当前的“金标准”-表面电极阵列记录进行仔细比较。 我们的具体目标是：i）确定用于定位参与产生和传播致癫痫活动的新皮层神经元群体的光谱学的准确性，以及ii）将光谱映射的准确性与“金标准”电极网格阵列进行比较，以指导癫痫组织的手术切除。