Social Influence on Interpersonal Relationships

社会对人际关系的影响

• 批准号: 6640462
• 负责人: HOLLY D HOM
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6640462
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; gender difference; human subject; interpersonal relations; interview; morals; peer group; personal log /diary; predoctoral investigator; questionnaires; small social group; social behavior; social conformity; social perception; social psychology; social status; social support network; verbal behavior

While it is unarguably a ubiquitous social phenomenon, gossip has received relatively little attention from empirical researchers. Theorists have long argued that gossip plays a special role in facilitating social bonds between participants and helps to maintain and enforce social norms in society, but these claims remain unverified. The primary goal of the proposed research is to better understand the nature of gossip. What is gossip exactly? Hat do people talk about? Why do we care so much about the private lives of others? Study 1 attempts to identify the defining characteristics of gossip that distinguish it from other types of talk. Study 2 addresses basic questions about gossip(who says what about whom?) by having participants keep detailed records of their conversations in a week-long diary study. Studies 3 and 4 test empirically the claims made by gossip theorists about social bonding and norm enforcement. Shared Reality Theory and the Social Intuitionist Model guide the predictions that gossip brings people closer together and strengthens social norms to the extent that gossip partners' moral worldviews overlap. The results of this line of research are expected to promote a greater understanding of the processes underlying gossip and moral evaluation and should have several implications for mental and physical well-being. In particular, the findings would highlight one mechanism by which close, stable and supportive interpersonal relationships develop. Strong social support networks have been shown to be associated with better psychological health, lower rates if illness, and reduced risk of mortality.

尽管八卦无疑是一种无处不在的社会现象，但经验研究人员对八卦的关注相对较少。长期以来，理论家们一直认为，八卦在促进参与者之间的社会纽带方面发挥着特殊的作用，有助于维护和执行社会规范，但这些说法仍未得到证实。这项拟议中的研究的主要目标是更好地理解八卦的本质。八卦到底是什么？人们在谈论什么？为什么我们如此关心别人的私生活？研究1试图找出八卦区别于其他类型谈话的定义特征。研究2解决了关于八卦的基本问题(谁说谁说了谁？)通过让参与者在为期一周的日记研究中详细记录他们的对话。研究3和研究4对八卦理论家关于社会纽带和规范执行的说法进行了实证检验。共享现实理论和社会直觉主义模型指导了人们的预测，即八卦让人们更紧密地联系在一起，并加强了社会规范，以至于八卦伙伴的道德世界观重叠。这一系列研究的结果有望促进人们更好地理解八卦和道德评估背后的过程，并应该对心理和身体健康产生几个影响。特别是，这些发现将突出一种机制，通过这种机制，亲密、稳定和相互支持的人际关系得以发展。强大的社会支持网络已被证明与更好的心理健康、较低的患病几率和较低的死亡风险有关。