Controls on the causes, dynamics and impacts of the catastrophic mass flows (aluviónes), northern Patagonia, Chile.

背景：众所周知，山区的冰川衰退既会降低斜坡的稳定性，也会造成潜在的不稳定的冰川湖泊。灾难性的物质流可由岩石和/或冰的雪崩产生，它们可能进入最近形成的冰川湖泊，导致灾难性的排水。在智利的艾森地区，冰川衰退与最近导致生命和基础设施损失的冲积层有关。据认为，极端降雨导致了一场山体滑坡，滑坡将冰川冰和饱和的地表沉积物结合在一起，形成了Aluvion，在2017年12月部分摧毁了Villa Santa Lucia村。最近(2018年10月)，Exploradore集水区的一次山体滑坡进入了一个冰凌堰塞湖，形成了一个Aluvion，堵塞了一个山谷，导致湖泊蓄水和次生灾害产生。为了减少风险，需要更好地理解和模拟各种复杂的质量流产生过程链。目的与目的：本项目研究智利艾森地区对灾难性物质流发生和频率的控制。该项目将对最近的大规模流动进行详细调查，并在考虑到不同的冰川衰退和气候变化情景的情况下，审查在艾森地区发生的更广泛的可能性。方法：遥感和现场数据采集将允许：(1)重建最近的灾害性物质流产生机制和流动动力学；(2)从沉积物和地貌记录中识别灾害性物质流。项目联系：首席主管曾在智利从事由国家环境研究中心资助的项目，并与艾森地区的大学和政府机构建立了合作关系。技能：遥感、地理信息系统、测绘(DGPS、TLS)、地貌测绘、泥石流和水力模拟、沉积学。“

"Background: Glacier recession in mountainous regions is known to both reduce slope stability and also create potentially unstable proglacial lakes. Catastrophic mass flows can be generated by rock and/or ice avalanches which may enter recently formed proglacial lakes resulting in their catastrophic drainage. In the Aysen region of Chile, glacier recession has been implicated in recent aluviones which resulted in loss of life and infrastructure. Extreme rainfall is thought to have generated a landslide which incorporated glacier ice and water saturated surficial deposits to form an aluvion which partially destroyed the village of Villa Santa Lucia in December 2017. A recent (Oct. 2018) landslide in the Exploradores catchment entered a moraine-dammed lake generating an aluvion which blocked a valley, resulting in lake impoundment and secondary hazard generation. In order to reduce risk varied and complex mass flow generating process chains need to be better understood and modelled. Aims & Objectives: This project examines the controls on the occurence and frequency of catastrophic mass flows in the Aysen region of Chile. The project will conduct a detailed investigation of recent mass flows as well as examining the wider susceptibility of occurrence within the Aysen region given different glacier recession and climate change scenarios. Methods: Remote sensing and field data acquisition will allow: (1) reconstruction of recent catastrophic mass flow generation mechanisms and flow dynamics, and (2) identification of catastrophic mass flows from the sediment and landform record. Project links: The lead supervisor has worked in Chile on NERC-funded projects and has collaborative links with universities and government agencies in the Aysen region. Skills: Remote sensing, GIS, Surveying (dGPS, TLS), geomorphological mapping, debris flow and hydraulic modelling, sedimentology. "