A Novel High-Intensity Area X-ray Source

一种新型高强度面X射线源

• 批准号: 6790739
• 负责人: Ivan Nesch
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: NESCH, LLC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-15 至 2005-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6790739
• 关键词: X ray; bioengineering /biomedical engineering; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical device power system; biomedical equipment development; clinical biomedical equipment; densitometry; electrodes; electron optics; electron radiation; energy source; image enhancement; imaging /visualization /scanning; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diffraction enhanced imaging (DE I) is a novel approach to X-ray imaging, which can revolutionize X-ray medical imaging, because of its greater contrast at lower X-ray doses than conventional radiography. DEI relies on measuring tiny angular deflections of a collimated X -ray beam as it passes through the object (patient) in acquiring the images. The capability of DEI detecting low-density features in low-density matrices will make it especially useful in medical diagnoses and research. An essential prerequisite for optimizing DEI and using it with highly reproducible and predictable precision in a routine application such as medical applications is to have sufficiently intense X-ray source. Such are only available at synchrotron sources or possibly with very high-power rotating anode X-ray sources, which are expensive to purchase and complex to operate. The potential impact of this technology in medical imaging research, and subsequently in clinical use, will far exceed the current or projected capacity of available synchrotron beam lines. The use of DEI in clinical or laboratory settings will create an unprecedented market for specialty high-intensity X-ray sources. Unlike most X-ray imaging methods, DEI does not require a point source of radiation. Furthermore, DEI can fully use a line source due to its use of diffracting crystal optics, while having extremely high resolution in one direction defined by the projected source line width, and in the other defined by the detector resolution. Therefore, production of a high-intensity line X-ray source is of primary importance for widespread DEI application. In general, our goal is to enable the implementation of DEI in different areas such as clinical settings outside the synchrotron facilities. Specifically we propose to: 1) Design, bulled, and test a novel, stationary anode, area X-ray source (50 mm x 12 mm electron impact area) for much higher intensity X-ray emission than is currently feasible from a sealed X-ray source by employing dispenser emitter cathodes (not known to have been used in similar applications before), and 2) Experimentally characterize the uniformity, stability and reliability of the source performance over extended periods of time. Based on the knowledge and the experience we have, we are confident that the approach we will take is realistic and feasible. At the completion of the proposed Phase I project, we anticipate the following results: 1. A working alpha prototype (system). 2. A performance characterization of the system.

描述(由申请人提供)： 衍射增强成像(DE I)是一种新的X射线成像方法，由于其在较低的X射线剂量下具有比传统X射线成像更高的对比度，从而使X射线医学成像发生了革命性的变化。DEI依靠测量准直X射线束通过物体(患者)时的微小角度偏转来获取图像。DEI能够检测低密度矩阵中的低密度特征，这将使其在医学诊断和研究中特别有用。要优化DEI并在常规应用(如医疗应用)中以高度可重复性和可预测的精度使用它，一个基本的先决条件是拥有足够强的X射线源。只有同步加速器或可能的高功率旋转阳极X射线源才有这样的设备，这些设备的购买价格昂贵，操作起来也很复杂。这项技术在医学成像研究中的潜在影响，以及随后在临床上的使用，将远远超过现有同步加速器束线目前或预计的容量。DEI在临床或实验室环境中的使用将为专业高强度X射线源创造一个前所未有的市场。与大多数X射线成像方法不同，DEI不需要点辐射源。此外，DEI可以充分利用线源，因为它使用了衍射晶体光学，同时在一个方向上具有极高的分辨率，该方向由投影源线宽定义，而在另一个方向上由探测器分辨率定义。因此，高强度线X射线源的研制对广泛应用具有重要意义。总体而言，我们的目标是能够在不同领域实施DEI，例如同步加速器设施之外的临床环境。具体地说，我们建议：1)通过使用分配器发射器阴极(以前未在类似应用中使用过)，设计、形成和测试一种新型的、固定的阳极、面X射线源(50 mm x 12 mm电子撞击面积)，其X射线发射强度远高于目前密封X射线源的发射强度，以及2)在更长的时间内对源性能的均匀性、稳定性和可靠性进行实验表征。根据我们所掌握的知识和经验，我们相信我们将采取的办法是现实可行的。在拟议的第一阶段项目完成时，我们预计会有以下结果：1.一个工作的阿尔法原型(系统)。2.系统的性能表征。