Large-area X-ray diffraction crystal optics

大面积 X 射线衍射晶体光学

• 批准号: 6783770
• 负责人: Ivan Nesch
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: NESCH, LLC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2005-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6783770
• 关键词: X ray crystallography; bioengineering /biomedical engineering; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; image enhancement; optics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) is a novel approach to X-ray imaging which can revolutionize X -ray medical imaging, because of its greater contrast at lower X-ray doses than conventional radiography. DEI relies on X-ray optics of perfect crystals to acquire these images by measuring tiny angular deflections of a collimated X-ray beam as it pass es through the object (patient). T he use of DEl in clinical or laboratory settings will create an unprecedented market for perfect crystal X-ray optics, and this demand will overwhelm the capabilities and capacity of current crystal optics fabrication. The capability of DEI to detect low-density features in low-density matrices makes it especially useful in medical diagnoses and research. An essential prerequisite for optimizing DEI and using it with highly reproducible and predictable precision in a routine application such as medical applications is to have sufficiently large-area crystal optical elements. Our goal is to enable the application of DEI for laboratory imaging. We propose to: 1) design and test stable, reliable, large-area crystal optics (minimum of 250 mm x 100 mm) for much larger fields of view than are currently feasible, and 2) experimentally characterize the stability of the optics over extended periods of time as defined in Feasibility Criteria Standards further. We will test and evaluate the feasibility of two approaches for producing large-area crystal optics, which specifically are Single large-area crystals and Array of conventionally sized crystals. Based on the knowledge and the experience we have, we are confident that both approaches are realistic and feasible. The success of this proposed project will enable the U.S. to maintain leadership in the global competition in this area. At the completion of Phase 1, we anticipate the following results: 1. Working alpha prototypes of one or two large-area crystal optics produced under at least one of the two proposed approaches, and 2. Optics performance characterization in terms of stability, uniformity, size limitations, and range of operation as applied to DEI. Assuming favorable results from Phase 1, the objectives of a future Phase 2 project would be to: a) incorporate improvements and bull d a prototype commercial style large-size optics system that is sufficiently rugged, accurate, and economical to be commercially useful; b) determine whether the device could be produced at a reasonable cost, and c) develop means for making crystal optics fabrication on a large scale commercially feasible.

描述（由申请人提供）： 衍射增强成像（DEI）是一种新的X射线成像方法，它可以彻底改变X射线医学成像，因为它在较低的X射线剂量下比传统的X射线照相术具有更大的对比度。DEI依赖于完美晶体的X射线光学器件，通过测量准直X射线束穿过对象（患者）时的微小角度偏转来获取这些图像。在临床或实验室环境中使用DE将为完美晶体X射线光学器件创造前所未有的市场，并且这种需求将压倒当前晶体光学器件制造的能力和容量。DEI在低密度矩阵中检测低密度特征的能力使其在医学诊断和研究中特别有用。优化DEI并在诸如医疗应用的常规应用中以高度可再现和可预测的精度使用它的基本先决条件是具有足够大面积的晶体光学元件。我们的目标是将DEI应用于实验室成像。我们建议：1）设计和测试稳定、可靠的大面积晶体光学器件（最小为250 mm x 100 mm），以获得比目前可行的更大的视场; 2）通过实验表征光学器件在可行性标准中进一步定义的延长时间段内的稳定性。我们将测试和评估两种生产大面积晶体光学器件的方法的可行性，具体来说是单个大面积晶体和常规尺寸晶体阵列。根据我们的知识和经验，我们相信这两种方法都是现实可行的。该项目的成功将使美国在该领域的全球竞争中保持领先地位。在第一阶段完成后，我们预计将取得以下成果：1。工作阿尔法原型的一个或两个大面积晶体光学根据至少一个提出的两种方法，和2。适用于DEI的稳定性、均匀性、尺寸限制和操作范围方面的光学性能表征。假设第一阶段的结果是有利的，未来第二阶段项目的目标将是：a）结合改进和公牛d一个原型的商业风格的大尺寸光学系统，是足够坚固的，准确的，和经济的商业用途; B）确定该装置是否可以以合理的成本生产，以及c）开发使大规模晶体光学制造在商业上可行的方法。