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Advanced signal processing and MRI to assess cerebrovascular health in small vessel disease and dementia

先进的信号处理和 MRI 来评估小血管疾病和痴呆症的脑血管健康

基本信息

批准号：
2343747
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2343747
关键词：
Advanced signal processing MRI assess

项目摘要

Dementia affects over 45 million people worldwide and costs over £26 billion per year in the UK alone. There are no effective treatments. A clearer understanding of the underlying abnormalities is needed to develop effective treatments. Vascular dysfunction is an early feature in Alzheimer's disease, small vessel disease, and vascular dementia: cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), intracranial vessel pulsatility, blood-brain barrier function, and interstitial fluid drainage, are all chronically impaired, and lead to brain damage. However, the contribution of each, and the order in which they occur to cause the pathology, is unknown. This project will focus on developing advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods to measure CVR, brain pulsatility and other aspects of small vessel function, mapping these onto detailed structural brain images to study how changes in these functions lead to brain damage. Better methods to assess dynamic vascular function are essential to study how brain damage occurs in several common diseases. For example, better methods to time the effect of heart beat and breathing on the pulsation of blood and cerebrospinal fluid through the brain, and to relate blood vessel dilation to blood flow and pulsation, are needed. The student will work on advanced and complex MRI and computational image analysis techniques as applied to human brain imaging in a multidisciplinary team including medical physicists, neurologists, neuroscientists, image analysts and statisticians. The student will apply these methods in ongoing studies of volunteers and patients. The student will gain practical experience of research MRI in volunteers and patients. A strong background in a quantitative subject such as physics, engineering, computer science or mathematics is necessary; experience in medical imaging and neuroscience may be advantageous but is not essential. The PhD is funded by the MRC as part of the UK Dementia Research Institute Centre at the University of Edinburgh, duration 3.5 years, starting by September 2019. The UK Dementia Research Institute is a £250 million Government investment in dementia research across 6 UK centres. Edinburgh has a vibrant brain MRI research community with excellent UK and international collaborations in small vessel disease, stroke and dementia.

痴呆症影响着全球超过 4500 万人，仅在英国每年的费用就超过 260 亿英镑。没有有效的治疗方法。需要更清楚地了解潜在的异常情况才能开发有效的治疗方法。血管功能障碍是阿尔茨海默病、小血管疾病和血管性痴呆的早期特征：脑血管反应性 (CVR)、颅内血管搏动、血脑屏障功能和间质液引流均长期受损，并导致脑损伤。然而，每种因素的贡献以及它们引起病理的顺序尚不清楚。该项目将重点开发先进的磁共振成像 (MRI) 方法来测量 CVR、大脑搏动和小血管功能的其他方面，将这些映射到详细的大脑结构图像上，以研究这些功能的变化如何导致大脑损伤。评估动态血管功能的更好方法对于研究几种常见疾病中如何发生脑损伤至关重要。例如，需要更好的方法来计算心跳和呼吸对通过大脑的血液和脑脊液脉动的影响，并将血管扩张与血流和脉动联系起来。该学生将在包括医学物理学家、神经学家、神经科学家、图像分析师和统计学家的多学科团队中研究先进和复杂的 MRI 和计算图像分析技术，并将其应用于人脑成像。学生将在对志愿者和患者进行的持续研究中应用这些方法。学生将获得在志愿者和患者身上进行 MRI 研究的实践经验。需要具有物理、工程学、计算机科学或数学等定量学科的强大背景；医学成像和神经科学方面的经验可能是有利的，但不是必需的。该博士学位由 MRC 资助，作为爱丁堡大学英国痴呆症研究所中心的一部分，为期 3.5 年，从 2019 年 9 月开始。英国痴呆症研究所是政府对英国 6 个中心的痴呆症研究投资 2.5 亿英镑的投资。爱丁堡拥有充满活力的脑 MRI 研究社区，在小血管疾病、中风和痴呆方面与英国和国际合作良好。