Dietary Glycemic Load, Body Weight, and Blood Lipids

描述（由申请人提供）：本2年提案的总体目标是检查血糖负荷（GL）与体重和血脂（包括总胆固醇、LDL、HDL和甘油三酯）的相关性，并研究自由生活的健康人群中GL的季节性和短期变化。 短期实验性研究和有限数量的观察性研究结果表明，GL（食物中碳水化合物质量和数量的衡量标准）可能与体重和血脂相关，在饮食建议中可能应考虑GL。然而，美国心脏协会、美国农业部或美国糖尿病协会的膳食指南中均未考虑血糖指数（GI）和GL。 我们将使用从血液胆固醇水平的季节性变化（季节）（NHLBI：R 01-HL 52745）收集的饮食数据（1）。Ockene - P.I.）在为期一年的观察性研究中，对马萨诸塞州中部的641名健康成年人进行了季度随访（基线和连续四个季度：共五个采样点）。每名受试者共收集了15次24小时饮食和体力活动回忆，并测量了5次血脂和体重。每季度测量一次血脂和体重，每季度进行三次24小时召回（两个工作日和一个周末）。如果发现GL与体重和血脂相关，将设计一项随机临床试验，以评估基于GL的营养干预计划对高血压患者的影响。这项拟议研究的方法将包括几个步骤：1）9，067份24小时饮食回忆记录的数据总结，2）GL计算和总体GI指数的计算，3）GL与体重和血脂的关系分析，4）GL的季节性和短期变化估计，5）按膳食类型分析GL并确定十大食物贡献者，6）总体GI与体重和血脂的关联分析，以及7）最终报告和手稿准备。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this 2 year proposal is to examine the association of glycemic load (GL), derived from 24-hour dietary recalls, with body weight and blood lipids (including total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides), and to study seasonal and short-term variation of GL in a free-living healthy population. Results from short-term experimental studies and a limited number of observational studies suggest that GL, a measure of the quality and quantity of carbohydrate in foods, may be related to body weight and serum lipids, and GL potentially should be considered in dietary recommendations. However, neither the glycemic index (GI) nor GL is considered in the dietary guidelines of the American Heart Association, the U.S Department of Agriculture, or the American Diabetes Association. We will use dietary data collected from the Seasonal Variation in Blood Cholesterol Levels (SEASONS) (NHLBI: R01-HL52745) (1. Ockene - P.I.) study, in which 641 healthy adults in central Massachusetts were followed quarterly (baseline and four consecutive quarters: five sampling points in all) during this a one-year observational study. A total of fifteen 24-hour dietary and physical activity recalls were collected for each subject, with serum lipids and body weight measured five times. Serum lipids and body weight were measured once per quarter and three 24-hour recalls were administered (two weekdays and one weekend day) per quarter. If GL is found to be associated with body weight and blood lipids, a randomized clinical trial will be designed to evaluate the effects of a GL-based nutritional intervention program on hyperlipidemic patients. The methodology of this proposed study will involve several steps: 1) Data summarization of 9,067 24- hour diet recall records, 2) GL calculation and calculation of overall GI index, 3) Analysis of the relationship of GL to body weight and blood lipids, 4) Estimation of seasonal and short-term variations in GL, 5) Analysis of GL by meal type and identification of the top ten food contributors, 6) Analysis of the association of overall GI with body weight and blood lipids, and 7) Final report and manuscript preparation.