Controlled routes to aluminium-containing alloys from molecular precursors
从分子前体制备含铝合金的受控路线
基本信息
- 批准号:2404136
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Studentship
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2020 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
A number of important chemical processes are electrolytic, meaning that they are driven by passing electricity through the reaction mixture. Often, materials which increase the rate of these processes (electrocatalysts) are used to improve the energy efficiency and capacity of the process, but these materials commonly contain so-called 'noble metals' such as palladium or iridium. Noble metals are scarce and expensive, and so it can be challenging to carry out these processes at the large scales required industrially. One such process is the electrolytic conversion of water to hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen gas is an important product due to its viability as a 'green' fuel, and so its efficient production is becoming ever more crucial as we seek to move away from traditional carbon-based fuels. It is therefore necessary to find effective new electrocatalysts which contain cheaper and more abundant metals so that hydrogen production may more easily be carried out at the large scales required.One potential class of materials are alloys (metals containing a mixture of elements) of aluminium (the most abundant metal in the earth's crust) with base metals (such as iron or manganese). These alloys are challenging to synthesise due to aluminium's very low melting point, so alternative routes are required. One option is to synthesise molecular compounds containing an Al-M bond which decompose at high temperatures to form the desired alloy. Such compounds (referred to as Single Source Precursors or SSPs) allow us to generate otherwise inaccessible materials.One challenge this approach poses is in finding a systematic means of synthesising a range of Al-M bonded compounds for a variety of metals. Such compounds exist for a few select metals, but their syntheses isn't readily generalisable (so fewer possible electrocatalyst materials can be made and tested), and the Al-M bonds are often weak, so they may not be suitable for thermal generation of an alloy. The recent discovery of a new class of compound, aluminyls, which feature an anionic (negatively charged) aluminium atom supported by an organic scaffold, offers a solution. This type of compound is suitable for reaction with a large range of other metal compounds, and so offers a general route to a wide range of SSPs containing strong (covalent) Al-M bonds.The aim of this project is therefore to use these aluminyl compounds (and potentially related gallium and indium analogues) to synthesise a broad library of SSPs containing a variety of base metals. These compounds will be studied to provide insight into their chemical behaviour, before exploring their conversion into aluminium containing alloys by thermal decomposition. These alloys will be analysed to determine their exact composition and surface structure, and finally tested as electrocatalysts to compare their performances with those of traditional noble metal materials.The use of aluminyl and related systems as a means of accessing this class of compound, as well as their subsequent conversion into potentially active alloys, is a novel approach within this field.This project falls within the EPSRC manufacturing the future research area.This project will involve collaboration with both the Moody group from the Department of Materials at the University of Oxford (for the analysis and characterisation of alloy material) and with the Driess group from the Department of Chemistry at TU Berlin for the investigation of electrocatalytic activity.
许多重要的化学过程是电解的,这意味着它们是由通过反应混合物的电流驱动的。通常,提高这些过程速率的材料(电催化剂)被用于提高过程的能源效率和容量,但这些材料通常含有所谓的“贵金属”,如钯或铱。贵金属既稀缺又昂贵,因此在工业所需的大规模上进行这些工艺是具有挑战性的。其中一个过程是电解将水转化为氢和氧。氢气是一种重要的产品,因为它是一种“绿色”燃料,因此,在我们寻求摆脱传统碳基燃料的过程中,氢气的高效生产变得越来越重要。因此,有必要找到含有更便宜和更丰富金属的有效的新型电催化剂,以便更容易地在所需的大规模生产氢气。一类潜在的材料是铝(地壳中最丰富的金属)与贱金属(如铁或锰)的合金(含有多种元素的混合物的金属)。由于铝的熔点非常低,这些合金的合成具有挑战性,因此需要替代路线。一种方法是合成含有Al-M键的分子化合物,在高温下分解形成所需的合金。这些化合物(称为单源前体或ssp)使我们能够生成其他难以获得的材料。这种方法面临的一个挑战是找到一种系统的方法来合成一系列用于各种金属的Al-M键合化合物。这种化合物存在于一些特定的金属中,但它们的合成并不容易推广(因此可以制造和测试的电催化剂材料较少),而且Al-M键通常很弱,因此它们可能不适合热生成合金。最近发现的一类新型化合物——铝基化合物提供了一种解决方案。铝基化合物的特点是由有机支架支撑的阴离子(带负电荷)铝原子。这种类型的化合物适合与大范围的其他金属化合物反应,因此为含有强(共价)Al-M键的大范围ssp提供了一般途径。因此,该项目的目的是使用这些铝基化合物(以及潜在的相关镓和铟类似物)来合成含有各种贱金属的广泛ssp库。在探索通过热分解将这些化合物转化为含铝合金之前,将对这些化合物进行研究,以深入了解它们的化学行为。将对这些合金进行分析,以确定其确切的成分和表面结构,并最终作为电催化剂进行测试,将其性能与传统贵金属材料进行比较。使用铝基和相关体系作为获取这类化合物的手段,以及随后将其转化为潜在活性合金,是该领域的一种新方法。该项目属于EPSRC制造未来研究领域。该项目将与牛津大学材料系的Moody小组(分析和表征合金材料)和柏林工业大学化学系的Driess小组合作,研究电催化活性。
项目成果
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其他文献
吉治仁志 他: "トランスジェニックマウスによるTIMP-1の線維化促進機序"最新医学. 55. 1781-1787 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等:“转基因小鼠中 TIMP-1 的促纤维化机制”现代医学 55. 1781-1787 (2000)。
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LiDAR Implementations for Autonomous Vehicle Applications
- DOI:
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2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
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吉治仁志 他: "イラスト医学&サイエンスシリーズ血管の分子医学"羊土社(渋谷正史編). 125 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等人:“血管医学与科学系列分子医学图解”Yodosha(涉谷正志编辑)125(2000)。
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Effect of manidipine hydrochloride,a calcium antagonist,on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: "Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,K.,Teragaki,M.,Iwao,H.and Yoshikawa,J." Jpn Circ J. 62(1). 47-52 (1998)
钙拮抗剂盐酸马尼地平对异丙肾上腺素引起的左心室肥厚的影响:“Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,
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