An investigation into the physical processes of stellar variability: from accretion outbursts to the quiet Sun or Concerning stars

我们理解行星形成的大致轮廓，因为行星是在年轻恒星周围的圆盘中形成的。然而，重要的物理过程，如盘中的粘性和行星体的形成，人们知之甚少。这使得无法预测行星形成过程的结果，如行星质量和轨道的分布。埃克塞特最近的研究表明，在行星形成过程中，当一波物质穿过行星盘向恒星流动时，行星盘可能会经历巨大的爆发。如果我们能在早期阶段发现这些爆发，并进行后续观测，它们就有可能深入了解这些圆盘的物理原理，从而形成行星。新一代天文测量使我们有能力进行这项工作，从GAIA(欧空局的一项任务，目前正在给恒星天文学带来革命性的变化)到大型天气观测望远镜(一台8米望远镜，将于2021-2年投入使用，每三天可能对整个可用的天空进行成像)。但它们需要与定制的后续观察和创新软件(包括机器学习技术)相结合，这构成了这个博士项目的核心。

We understand the broad outline of planet formation, in that planets form in the discs around young stars. However, important physical processes such as the viscosity in the disc and the formation of planetesimals are poorly understood. This makes it impossible to predict the outcomes of the planet-formation process, such as the distribution of planet masses and orbits. Recent work at Exeter has shown that during planet formation the disc can undergo huge outbursts, when a wave of material flows through the disc towards the star. If we can discover these outbursts in their early stages, and carry out follow-up observations they have the potential to give insights into the physics of these discs, and hence into planet formation.A new generation of sky surveys is giving us the ability to carry this work out, from GAIA (an ESA mission which is currently revolutionising stellar astronomy) to the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (an 8-m telescope commissioning in 2021-2 with the potential to image the entire available sky every three days). But they need to be coupled to the bespoke follow-up observations and the innovative software (including machine learning techniques) which form the core of this PhD project.