Bacterial Transformation of Eukaryotes: The Host Factors

描述（由申请人提供）：15%至20%的人类癌症 是由病毒和细菌病原体引起的，包括乳头状瘤病毒， B型肝炎病毒、爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒和黑胆杆菌 尖塔。引人注目的是，这些病原体与A.根瘤菌 一种能在植物中诱发癌性肿瘤的细菌， 转化酵母，也是一个非常容易的实验系统。许多 A.根癌农杆菌毒力基因对酵母和植物（宿主）都是必需的 细胞转化，表明参与的保守宿主因子 在转化过程中。因此，A.根癌农杆菌转化酵母 S.酿酒酵母可以提供一个很好的模型，了解如何感染 药剂引起人类恶性肿瘤。 虽然有几个A。已经鉴定了根癌农杆菌毒力决定子， 细菌转化所必需的宿主细胞因子仍然难以捉摸。 本研究的主要目的是确定宿主细胞因子的必要性 用于真核生物的细菌转化。利用酵母转化 我们开发的系统，我们已经开始识别酵母突变体改变，在他们的 敏感性A。根癌转化随后查明 导致转化表型频率改变的突变基因 有效识别关键的东道国因素参与者。这本小说 一种方法应该确定一些对细菌生长至关重要的宿主因子， 真核生物的转化，从而提供了基本的见解 感染因子诱发癌的分子机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fifteen to twenty percent of human cancers are caused by viral and bacterial pathogens, including papilloma viruses, the hepatitis B virus, the Epstein-Barr virus and the bacterium Heticoba cter pylon. Strikingly, these pathogens share features with A. tumefaciens, a bacterium that elicits cancerous tumors in plants, is capable of genetically transforming yeast, and is also an extremely facile experimental system. Many A. tumefaciens virulence genes are essential for both yeast and plant (host) cell transformation, suggesting the conservation host factors that participate in the transformation process. Thus, A. tumefaciens transformation of the yeast S. cerevisiae can provide an excellent model for understanding how infectious agents cause human malignancies. Although several A. tumefaciens virulence determinants have been identified, host cell factors essential for bacterial transformation have remained elusive. The primary objective of this study is to define host cell factors essential for bacterial transformation of eukaryotes. Using the yeast transformation system we developed, we have begun to identify yeast mutants altered in their sensitivity to A. tumefaciens transformation. Subsequent identification of the mutant genes responsible for the altered frequency of transformation phenotype effectively identifies the critical host factor participants. This novel approach should define a number of host factors essential for bacterial transformation of eukaryotes, thereby providing insights into the basic molecular mechanisms underlying infectious agent induced carcinomas.