Appropriate Use of Oral Antibiotics in Children

描述（由申请人提供）：霍华德·鲍什纳，医学博士，波士顿大学医学院（BUSM）儿科和公共卫生教授正在申请以患者为导向的研究（K24）的中期职业研究者奖。Bauchner博士于1986年在耶鲁-纽黑文完成了他作为Robert Wood约翰逊基金会普通儿科学术研究员的住院医师培训。他于同年加入BUSM的教师队伍，于1990年晋升为副教授，并于1997年晋升为教授。Bauchner博士的职业生涯一直致力于开展以患者为导向的研究，并指导普通儿科的研究员和教师。他自己的研究集中在随机对照试验，方法学审查，以及睡眠，疼痛程序，不适当的口服抗生素使用和缺铁性贫血等领域的治疗试验。他发表了60篇同行评议的文章，在过去的五年里，他在口服抗生素使用不当领域进行了六项研究。目前，在葛兰素史克的支持下，他正在开始一个基于实践的研究项目，其中12个实践将被随机分配到关于适当的抗生素治疗或适当的急性中耳炎（AOM）诊断的信息。 在这项研究中，预计将招募3600名3岁以下的儿童。目的是确定使用适当抗生素治疗的AOM儿童是否比使用不适当抗生素治疗的儿童效果更好。在妇幼卫生局的支持下，他还进行了一项随机对照试验，重点是提高低收入和少数民族母亲母乳喂养早产儿的比例。除了他自己的研究工作外，Bauchner博士还是国家研究服务奖和教师发展计划的项目主任。在这两个方案的支持下，过去八年来每年有四名研究员接受培训。这些研究员都需要密集的指导，并正在进行面向病人的研究。在该计划的支持下，Bauchner博士将投入50%的精力进行以患者为导向的研究和指导。他将扩大他的指导工作，包括研究员和教师在儿科急诊室服务，儿童发展和青少年医学的部门，并成为在BUSM的CREST计划（K30）的高级顾问。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Howard Bauchner, M.D., Professor of Pediatrics and Public Health at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), is applying for a Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24). Dr. Bauchner completed his post-residency training as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation General Pediatric Academic Fellow at Yale-New Haven in 1986. He joined the faculty at BUSM that year, was promoted to Associate Professor in 1990 and Professor in 1997. Dr. Bauchner's career has been committed to conducting patient-oriented research, and mentoring fellows and faculty in general pediatrics. His own research has focused on randomized controlled trials, methodologic reviews, and therapeutic trials in the areas of sleep, painful procedures, inappropriate oral antibiotic use, and iron deficiency anemia. He has published 60 peer-reviewed articles, and over the past five years conducted six studies in the area of inappropriate oral antibiotic use. Currently, with support from GlaxoSmithKline, he is beginning a practice-based research project in which 12 practices will be randomized to information about the appropriate antibiotics therapy or appropriate diagnosis of acute otitis media (AOM). In this study, it is estimated that 3600 children less than three years of age will be enrolled. The goal is to determine if children with AOM treated with appropriate antibiotics do better than children treated with inappropriate antibiotics. With support from the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, he is also conducting a randomized controlled trial that is focused on increasing the percentage of low-income and minority mothers who breastfeed their premature infants. In addition to his own research efforts, Dr. Bauchner is Project Director of an Institutional National Research Service Award and Faculty Development Program. With support from these two programs, four fellows have been in training each year for the past eight years. These fellows all require intensive mentoring and are conducting patient-oriented research. With support from this program, Dr. Bauchner will commit 50% effort to conducting patient-oriented research and mentoring. He will expand his mentoring efforts to include fellows and faculty in the Divisions of Pediatric Emergency Room Services, Child Development and Adolescent Medicine, and become a senior advisor to the CREST Program (K30) at BUSM.