NEUROINFORMATICS AND EYE-HAND COORDINATION

神经信息学和眼手协调

• 批准号: 6743978
• 负责人: ESTHER P. GARDNER
• 金额: $ 40.14万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-05-15 至 2006-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6743978
• 关键词: Internet; Primates; biomechanics; digital imaging; electrophysiology; eye; hand; informatics; information dissemination; interactive multimedia; neurophysiology; neurosciences; parietal lobe /cortex; sensorimotor system; technology /technique development; touch; video recording system; vision; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project integrates neurophysiological research into the visual and somatosensory mechanisms that govern planning of skilled motor behaviors of the hand with development and distribution of neuroinformatics tools useful for data visualization, analysis and manipulation required for such studies. Aim 1 establishes a Neuroinformatics Resource to distribute integrated tools enabling quantitative analyses of spike trains obtained with digital video (DV), and their correlation to the kinematics of hand actions. Interactive tools will be provided over the Internet for 1) spike recognition and separation, 2) event- linked rasters and PSTHs, 3) continuous firing rate graphs, and 4) metrics of spike synchrony. An international network of neuroscientists studying primate hand function will evaluate the tools, and provide research synergies from diverse studies of hand function. The tools are used in Aims 2 and 3 to assess the contribution of visual and haptic information about object size, shape and location in motor planning of acquisition and manipulation by the hand. Spike trains recorded in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) from single neurons, and from neuronal assemblies studied with multielectrode arrays, are synchronized to simultaneously acquired images of hand kinematics with DV. We postulate that skilled hand behaviors require the registration and coordination of an external map that locates an object's spatial coordinates and encodes its intrinsic geometry, and an internal map of the body's own image that represents the hand posture and dynamics. Protocols comparing shape and location-dependent cues distinguish intention-related activity planning grasping behaviors, from sensory responses to views of objects and hand-object interactions during performance of a trained grasp-and-lift task. Aim 2 analyzes firing patterns obtained when objects can be viewed, and when an opaque barrier, requiring the use of memory, blocks vision and haptic cues for object acquisition and manipulation. Aim 3 measures the integration of vision and touch during tool use when grasped objects are inserted into matching slots to illuminate a target. These experiments test hypotheses that synchronization and/or coherence of firing between PPC regions dominated by vision and touch enable a match-to-sample mode of sensorimotor control and error correction that enables efficient, adaptive behaviors. This research has important clinical implications for understanding dysmetrias, optic ataxias, grasp abnormalities and neglect syndromes resulting from neurological damage to PPC, and provides basic insights into mechanisms of visuomotor control of the hand that may prove useful for rehabilitation after stroke or injury.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目集成了 对视觉和体感机制的神经生理学研究 管理手部熟练运动行为的发展和规划 用于数据可视化、分析的神经信息学工具的分布 以及此类研究所需的操作。目标 1 建立了 神经信息学资源，用于分发支持定量分析的集成工具 对通过数字视频（DV）获得的尖峰序列进行分析，及其 与手部动作运动学的相关性。互动工具将 通过互联网提供 1) 尖峰识别和分离，2) 事件- 链接的栅格和 PSTH，3) 连续发射率图，以及 4) 的度量 尖峰同步。研究灵长类动物的国际神经科学家网络 手功能将评估这些工具，并提供研究协同作用 手部功能的多样化研究。这些工具用于目标 2 和 3 来评估 有关物体大小、形状和形状的视觉和触觉信息的贡献 手部获取和操纵的运动规划中的位置。长钉 从单个神经元记录在后顶叶皮层（PPC）中的序列，以及 来自使用多电极阵列研究的神经元组件，是同步的 使用 DV 同时采集手部运动学图像。我们假设 熟练的手部行为需要注册和协调 定位对象的空间坐标并对其进行编码的外部地图 内在几何学，以及身体自身图像的内部映射 代表手的姿势和动态。比较形状和的协议 位置相关线索区分与意图相关的活动计划 抓取行为，从感官反应到物体和手部物体的视图 在执行训练有素的抓取和举起任务期间进行交互。目标2 分析当可以观察物体时获得的发射模式，以及当 不透明的屏障，需要使用记忆，阻挡视觉和触觉提示 对象获取和操作。目标 3 衡量视觉整合度 以及在使用工具期间将抓取的物体插入匹配的物体时进行触摸 用于照亮目标的插槽。这些实验检验了以下假设： PPC 区域之间放电的同步性和/或一致性 视觉和触觉实现了感觉运动控制的匹配样本模式 纠错可以实现高效、自适应的行为。这项研究有 对于理解辨距困难、视神经共济失调、 掌握神经损伤引起的异常和忽视综合症 到 PPC，并提供了视觉运动控制机制的基本见解 这只手可能对中风或受伤后的康复有用。