NEUROINFORMATICS AND EYE-HAND COORDINATION

描述(申请人提供)：本项目整合 对视觉和体感机制的神经生理学研究 管理手部熟练运动行为的规划与发展 分发对数据可视化、分析有用的神经信息学工具 以及此类研究所需的操作。目标1建立了一个 神经信息学资源分发支持量化的集成工具 用数字视频(DV)获得的棘波序列的分析 与手部动作的运动学相关。交互工具将是 通过互联网提供1)棘波识别和分离，2)事件- 链接的栅格和PSTH，3)连续发射速率图，以及4)度量 扣球同步。研究灵长类动物的神经学家的国际网络 Hand Function将对这些工具进行评估，并从 手功能的不同研究。在AIMS 2和AIMS 3中使用这些工具来评估 视觉和触觉信息对物体大小、形状和 在运动规划中通过手工获取和操纵的位置。尖峰 在后顶叶皮质(PPC)记录的单个神经元的串，以及 来自用多电极阵列研究的神经元组件，是同步的 与DV同步采集手部运动学图像。我们假设 熟练的手部行为需要注册和协调 定位对象的空间坐标并对其进行编码的外部地图 内在几何学，以及身体自身图像的内部地图 表示手部姿势和动态。协议比较形状和 位置相关线索区分意图相关活动计划 抓握行为，从感官反应到物体和手-物体的观点 训练过的抓举任务执行过程中的相互作用。目标2 分析在可以查看对象时以及在 不透明的障碍，需要使用记忆，阻止视觉和触觉提示 对象获取和操作。目标3衡量视觉的整合 以及在将抓取的对象插入匹配时在工具使用期间的触摸 用于照亮目标的狭缝。这些实验验证了假设 在PPC区域之间的激发的同步和/或一致性 视觉和触摸支持传感器马达控制的匹配样本模式，并 实现高效、自适应行为的纠错。这项研究已经 对理解运动障碍、视性共济失调、 把握神经损害所致的异常和疏忽综合征 ，并提供了对视觉运动控制机制的基本见解。 可能对中风或受伤后的康复有用的手。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project integrates neurophysiological research into the visual and somatosensory mechanisms that govern planning of skilled motor behaviors of the hand with development and distribution of neuroinformatics tools useful for data visualization, analysis and manipulation required for such studies. Aim 1 establishes a Neuroinformatics Resource to distribute integrated tools enabling quantitative analyses of spike trains obtained with digital video (DV), and their correlation to the kinematics of hand actions. Interactive tools will be provided over the Internet for 1) spike recognition and separation, 2) event- linked rasters and PSTHs, 3) continuous firing rate graphs, and 4) metrics of spike synchrony. An international network of neuroscientists studying primate hand function will evaluate the tools, and provide research synergies from diverse studies of hand function. The tools are used in Aims 2 and 3 to assess the contribution of visual and haptic information about object size, shape and location in motor planning of acquisition and manipulation by the hand. Spike trains recorded in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) from single neurons, and from neuronal assemblies studied with multielectrode arrays, are synchronized to simultaneously acquired images of hand kinematics with DV. We postulate that skilled hand behaviors require the registration and coordination of an external map that locates an object's spatial coordinates and encodes its intrinsic geometry, and an internal map of the body's own image that represents the hand posture and dynamics. Protocols comparing shape and location-dependent cues distinguish intention-related activity planning grasping behaviors, from sensory responses to views of objects and hand-object interactions during performance of a trained grasp-and-lift task. Aim 2 analyzes firing patterns obtained when objects can be viewed, and when an opaque barrier, requiring the use of memory, blocks vision and haptic cues for object acquisition and manipulation. Aim 3 measures the integration of vision and touch during tool use when grasped objects are inserted into matching slots to illuminate a target. These experiments test hypotheses that synchronization and/or coherence of firing between PPC regions dominated by vision and touch enable a match-to-sample mode of sensorimotor control and error correction that enables efficient, adaptive behaviors. This research has important clinical implications for understanding dysmetrias, optic ataxias, grasp abnormalities and neglect syndromes resulting from neurological damage to PPC, and provides basic insights into mechanisms of visuomotor control of the hand that may prove useful for rehabilitation after stroke or injury.