Quantitative Tactile Assessment of Human Manual Dexterity

人类手动灵活性的定量触觉评估

• 批准号: 10017141
• 负责人: ESTHER P. GARDNER
• 金额: $ 20.94万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10017141
• 关键词: 3D Print; Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Age; Aging; Arts; Caring; Characteristics; Clinical; Clothing; Cognitive; Color; Digit structure; Dimensions; Discrimination; Elderly; Environment; Feedback; Film; Fingerprint; Fingers; Friction; Geometry; Goals; Hand; Hand functions; Human; Impairment; Learning; Lifting; Limb structure; Local anesthesia; Manuals; Measures; Mechanoreceptors; Medical; Motor; Music; Neuraxis; Neurologic; Operative Surgical Procedures; Pathology; Patients; Performance; Peripheral; Peripheral Nerves; Peripheral nerve injury; Persons; Play; Posture; Procedures; Process; Property; Protocols documentation; Psychophysics; Purdue pegboard test; Recovery of Function; Rehabilitation therapy; Resolution; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Skin; Solid; Source; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; Stroke; Surface; Surface Properties; Surgical Gloves; Tactile; Testing; Textiles; Texture; Thinness; Touch sensation; Training; Weight; Work; braille; density; dexterity; experimental study; feeding; finger movement; grasp; hand dysfunction; human subject; improved; instrument; mathematical ability; middle age; nervous system disorder; nonhuman primate; object shape; physical property; post stroke; prevent; relating to nervous system; skills; somatosensory; stroke patient; tool

Manual dexterity enables humans to manipulate small objects with our fingers, perform highly skilled tasks as well as simple activities of daily living. These actions require independent finger movements, and precise control of the direction and magnitude of fingertip forces such as those involved in grasping objects. We grasp objects of various textures, weights, and shapes by adapting our fingertip forces to friction at the grasping surface, the weight of the object, and its shape. The grip force must be optimized to prevent excessive squeezing of the object (wasted force and/or object damage) or slippage of the object from grasp (and possible breakage) due to insufficient, weak forces. The sense of touch is used perceive friction at the object surface; without tactile feedback humans tend to use too much force when grasping, or apply insufficient forces. In this study we use high-resolution 3D printing to create textured surfaces whose physical dimensions are specified and quantified in psychophysical tests. We propose to quantify and analyze manual dexterity using a grasp-and-lift task in which we measure the effects of load and surface texture on performance in healthy human adults of ages 18-80, and in subjects with central and/or peripheral neurological impairments. These experiments will provide quantitative metrics of manual dexterity and force control in young, middle-aged, and elderly subjects that can serve as baseline values for evaluating treatment and rehabilitation therapies following stroke, or peripheral nerve injury, as well as the well-known reduction in hand function as a result of aging.

手动灵巧性使人类能够用手指操纵小物体，执行高技能任务 以及简单的日常生活活动。这些动作需要独立的手指动作，以及精确的 控制指尖力的方向和大小，例如抓取物体时所涉及的力。我们 通过调整指尖的力量来适应摩擦力来抓取各种质地、重量和形状的物体 抓取表面、物体的重量及其形状。必须优化抓握力以防止 过度挤压物体（浪费力和/或物体损坏）或物体从抓握处滑落 （以及可能的破损）由于力量不足、较弱。触觉是用来感知摩擦力的 物体表面；如果没有触觉反馈，人类在抓握或应用时往往会使用过多的力 兵力不足。在这项研究中，我们使用高分辨率 3D 打印来创建纹理表面，其 物理维度在心理物理测试中被指定和量化。我们建议量化并 使用抓取和举起任务来分析手动灵活性，在该任务中我们测量负载和表面的影响 18-80 岁健康成年人以及中枢和/或患有中枢神经系统疾病的受试者的表现纹理 周围神经功能障碍。这些实验将提供手动灵活性的定量指标 年轻、中年和老年受试者的力控制，可以作为基线值 评估中风或周围神经损伤后的治疗和康复疗法，以及 众所周知，衰老会导致手部功能下降。