Mathematical models for the tropical troposphere

波动耗散定理（相当于线性响应理论）预测系统的自然准随机行为与其对外部强迫的响应之间的关系。该项目将研究这些想法对热带对流层的适用性以及对天气和气候预测重要方面的影响。学生将考虑最近制定的热带对流层数学模型，该模型代表动力学、辐射和潮湿过程之间的关键相互作用。其中许多模型都是为了试图理解热带变率的一个特定方面——马登-朱利安涛动——而得出的，其机制仍然是激烈争论的主题。学生将扩展对这些模型的研究，以检查强迫响应和变异性之间的关系，并酌情修改和概括它们。

The Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem (equivalently Linear Response Theory) predicts a relation between the natural quasi-random behaviour of a system and its response to external forcing. This project will examine the applicability of these ideas to the tropicaltroposphere and the implications for important aspects of weather and climate prediction. The student will consider recently formulated mathematical models for the tropical troposphere that represent the key interactions between dynamics, radiation and moist processes. Many of these models have been derived in attempting to understand a particular aspect of tropical variability -- the Madden-Julian Oscillation -- the mechanism for which remains a subject of vigorous debate. The student will extend study of these models to examine the relation between forced response and variability, modifying and generalising them as appropriate.