functional Ultrasonic Tissue Pulsatility: Brain Imaging

功能性超声组织搏动：脑成像

• 批准号: 6802214
• 负责人: JOHN C KUCEWICZ
• 金额: $ 45.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6802214
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; brain disorder diagnosis; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebral cortex; clinical biomedical equipment; clinical research; diagnosis quality /standard; human subject; neurophysiology; noninvasive diagnosis; patient monitoring device; portable biomedical equipment; stroke; trauma; ultrasonography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We will create a low cost portable instrument for functional imaging of brain that can be used outside the hospital for emergency evaluation of stroke patients and in the classroom for monitoring the learning and mastery of tasks. Imaging of brain physiology has become a valuable tool in research and in the evaluation of clinical brain diseases. Both functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Evoked Response Potentials (ERP) (functional electroencephalography (fEEG)) have revealed the regional dynamics of brain function in response to mental activity and challenges. Both methods have limitations. Although MR methods can reveal functional chemical details about anatomic regions of the brain, the temporal resolution of these MR methods is limited and the environmental conditions of the magnet restrict the kinds of mental and physical tasks that can be performed by the patient under study. Although EEG methods have a time resolution much better than a second, the spatial information about brain function from EEG data must be inferred by indirect methods. In this project, we will develop an ultrasonic method of displaying cortical pulsatility, which is a surrogate of brain cortex perfusion. This system will be designed to provide brain perfusion maps that differentiate areas of normal, hyper- and hypo- pulsatility using a conspicuous contrast method. The temporal resolution of the method is near one second and the spatial resolution is near 1 cm. This brain cortex perfusion imaging system has applications in functional brain research, in stroke diagnosis and management and in the management of head trauma. It can be used on ambulatory patients and research subjects for prolonged periods. In addition to clinical applications, we plan to use this instrumentation to support research in learning and in mental disability research. This new ultrasonic method holds the promise of extremely low cost. Currently, ultrasound instruments with similar complexity can be purchased at prices affordable by primary care clinics.

描述(由申请人提供)： 我们将创造一种低成本的便携式脑功能成像仪器，可以在医院外用于中风患者的紧急评估，也可以在教室内用于监测学习和掌握任务的情况。脑生理成像已经成为研究和评估临床脑部疾病的宝贵工具。功能磁共振成像(FMRI)和诱发反应电位(ERP)(功能脑电(FEEG))都揭示了大脑功能对精神活动和挑战的区域动态。这两种方法都有局限性。尽管磁共振方法可以揭示大脑解剖区域的功能化学细节，但这些磁共振方法的时间分辨率有限，而且磁铁的环境条件限制了研究中患者可以执行的精神和身体任务的种类。虽然脑电方法的时间分辨率远好于1秒，但从脑电数据中推断脑功能的空间信息必须通过间接方法来进行。在这个项目中，我们将开发一种显示皮质搏动性的超声方法，这是大脑皮层血流灌注的替代方法。该系统将设计为提供脑血流灌注图，使用明显的对比方法区分正常、高脉搏和低脉搏区域。该方法的时间分辨率接近1s，空间分辨率接近1 cm。该脑皮质灌注成像系统在脑功能研究、中风的诊断和治疗以及头部创伤的治疗中都有应用。可长期用于门诊患者和研究对象。除了临床应用，我们计划使用这种仪器来支持学习研究和精神残疾研究。这种新的超声波方法有望极低的成本。目前，初级保健诊所可以负担得起的价格购买到类似复杂程度的超声仪器。