Photolytically Driven Artificial Lung

光解驱动人工肺

• 批准号: 6789500
• 负责人: KURT A DASSE
• 金额: $ 26.31万
• 依托单位: PHAROS, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-15 至 2005-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6789500
• 关键词: biomaterial interface interaction; biomedical equipment development; nanotechnology; oxygen tension; photoactivation; photochemistry; prosthesis; respiratory function; respiratory gas transport; surface coating; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The photolytic Conversion of energy derived from light is a common means in nature to drive chemical reactions. As an example, photosynthesis utilizes energy derived from sunlight to drive key metabolic processes in plants, while exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide. The broad purpose of the proposed research is to apply principals of photolytic chemistry to create a novel family of photo-activated materials. In the current application, we will apply these fundamental concepts to study the feasibility of a photolytic artificial lung. It is notable that despite vast improvements across the spectrum of health care in the past 20 years, there have been few substantial improvements in the care of patients with end-stage lung disease. While the death rate for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all other major diseases, has decreased significantly, the rate of death related to chronic lung disease has actually increased during this period. For these patients, long-term mechanical support of ventilation represents the only viable option to sustain life. As a result, there has long been interest in the development of technology to allow an exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide, in the absence of normal lungs. The purpose of the current Phase I proposal will be to determine the optimum design and properties of a first generation photolytic surface, in terms of its materials, methods of photo-activation, and blood flow properties. In subsequent proposals, we will construct and validate a prototype photolytic module, then compile multiple such modules, in series with sensors, blood pumps, and control systems, to create a complete artificial lung device. Our aims for this Phase I proposal include: Specific Aim 1: The enhancement of photochemical yield by the development of improved photolytic coatings, system geometry, and light source. Specific Aim 2: The design and fabrication of a prototype photolytic surface, incorporating the results of material optimization and fluid dynamics modeling. The key milestones to be achieved during the current proposal include: the identification of photolytic coatings with the most efficient production of dissolved oxygen, the fabrication of a prototype flow through photolytic cell, and the elaboration of a model-based design for a high-yield photolytic module. It is anticipated that the successful implementation of this device in the clinical arena will have significant impact on the morbidity, mortality, and quality of life for the large number of children and adults with respiratory failure, as well as establishing an innovative realm of biomedical technology.

描述（由申请人提供）： 光能的光解转化是自然界中驱动化学反应的常见手段。例如，光合作用利用来自阳光的能量来驱动植物的关键代谢过程，同时将氧气交换为二氧化碳。拟议研究的主要目的是应用光解化学原理来创建新型光激活材料系列。在当前的应用中，我们将应用这些基本概念来研究光解人工肺的可行性。值得注意的是，尽管过去 20 年医疗保健领域取得了巨大进步，但终末期肺病患者的护理却几乎没有取得实质性进展。虽然心血管疾病、癌症和所有其他主要疾病的死亡率显着下降，但在此期间与慢性肺病相关的死亡率实际上有所增加。对于这些患者来说，长期机械通气支持是维持生命的唯一可行选择。因此，长期以来，人们一直对开发在没有正常肺部的情况下将氧气交换为二氧化碳的技术感兴趣。 目前第一阶段提案的目的是确定第一代光解表面的最佳设计和特性，包括材料、光激活方法和血流特性。在后续提案中，我们将构建并验证原型光解模块，然后编译多个此类模块，与传感器、血泵和控制系统串联，以创建完整的人工肺装置。我们第一阶段提案的目标包括： 具体目标 1：通过开发改进的光解涂层、系统几何结构和光源来提高光化学产率。具体目标 2：结合材料优化和流体动力学建模的结果，设计和制造原型光解表面。 当前提案中要实现的关键里程碑包括：确定能够最有效地产生溶解氧的光解涂层、制造流经光解池的原型以及详细阐述高产光解模块的基于模型的设计。预计该设备在临床领域的成功实施将对大量患有呼吸衰竭的儿童和成人的发病率、死亡率和生活质量产生重大影响，并建立生物医学技术的创新领域。