Bioterrorism Studies

REB与涉及辐射的生物恐怖主义评估有关的活动 REB开展的大部分剂量测定工作都直接或间接应用于评估涉及辐射的生物恐怖主义事件的辐射剂量。对剂量的准确评估有助于对长期癌症风险作出准确预测。REB已完成和正在进行的与生物恐怖主义有关的活动的例子如下。在本财政年度，开发了一个网络计算器，用于估算核武器试验沉降物中I-131的个人辐射剂量和甲状腺癌风险，并在国家癌症研究所网站上向公众提供。此外，国会授权进行的关于全球沉降物照射的可行性研究报告草稿已经修订，以便最后提交国会。正在进行的REB研究包括： (1)联合国/俄罗斯的评估方法 核武器沉降物的辐射剂量。 (2)将历史的放射性物质 监测世界各地核武器试验释放的数据。 (3)通过生物剂量测定证实分析剂量测定估计值 测量. (4)受影响人员所受辐射剂量的估计 切尔诺贝利核事故 (5)参加国际机构的方案，例如， 国际原子能机构和国际原子能机构 癌症研究，与评估以下辐射剂量有关： 放射性物质的散布;以及 (6)编写一份描述剂量测定方法如何 应用于医疗、职业和环境评估 辐射剂量 在有一定的资金和人员投入的情况下，可开展以下研究：（1）建立稳定染色体数据库 在放射性/核辐射之后， 事件，从基线水平的人中轻度暴露的人。 (2)一项研究的影响，从一个或多个 低剂量照射对染色体畸变的数量和类型的影响。 (3)编写一个基于Web的计算器， 估计暴露于放射性核素的剂量和癌症风险， I-131（Sr-90、Cs-137、Pu-239等）在核武器的放射性尘埃中， 从其他类型的释放或暴露的情况。 (4)与疾病预防控制中心合作， 放射性/核事件发生后应立即采取的措施手册 根据一项流行病学研究。 (5)组织辐射科学培训 参与缓解放射性/核事件的人员。

REB Activities Related to Assessment of Bioterrorism Involving Radiation Most of the dosimetry work that is carried out at REB has direct or indirect applications to the assessment of radiation doses from bioterrorism events involving radiation. Accurate assessment of doses permits accurate projections of long-term cancer risks to be made. Examples of completed and continuing REB activities relevant to bioterrorism follow. During this fiscal year, a web-based calculator for estimating individual radiation dose and thyroid cancer risk from I-131 in nuclear weapons testing fallout has been developed and made available to the public on the NCI website. In addition, a draft report of a Congressionally-mandated feasibility study on exposure from global fallout has been revised for final submission to Congress. Ongoing REB studies include: (1) The development of a joint U.S./Russian methodology for assessment of radiation doses from nuclear weapons fallout. (2) Archiving, and putting into electronic form, historical radiological monitoring data on releases from nuclear weapons testing around the world. (3) The corroboration of analytical dosimetry estimates via biodosimetry measurements. (4) The estimation of radiation doses received by persons affected by the Chernobyl accident. (5) Participation in programs of international agencies, e.g., the International Atomic Energy Agency and the International Agency for Research on Cancer, related to the assessment of radiation doses following the dispersion of radioactive materials; and (6) The preparation of a monograph describing how dosimetry methods are applied in the assessment of medical, occupational, and environmental radiation doses. Assuming an appropriate influx of funds and personnel, the following studies could be initiated: (1) The development of a database of stable chromosome aberrations for unexposed people, in order to separate, after a radiological/nuclear event, the people who were mildly exposed from those with a baseline level. (2) A study of the effects from single or multiple low-dose exposure on the number and type of chromosome aberrations. (3) The preparation of a web-based calculator to estimate doses and cancer risks from exposure to radionuclides other than I-131 (Sr-90, Cs-137, Pu-239, etc.) in nuclear weapons fallout and possibly from other kinds of releases or exposure scenarios. (4) In collaboration with CDC, the preparation of a manual of measures to be taken soon after a radiological/nuclear event in view of an epidemiologic study. (5) The organization of training in radiation sciences of personnel involved in the mitigation of radiological/nuclear events.