Adaptive Sensorimotor Control in Children with DCD

DCD 儿童的自适应感觉运动控制

• 批准号: 6901939
• 负责人: Jane E. Clark
• 金额: $ 30.68万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6901939
• 关键词: academic achievement; behavior test; body physical activity; child (0-11); clinical research; disease /disorder; mood disorders; perception disorder; posture; psychomotor function; sensorimotor system; sensory disorders; space perception; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of this research program is to understand the underlying mechanisms of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation, and interventions of children with this disorder. In elementary school, children with DCD are estimated to comprise up to 6 percent of the population (APA, 1994). These children are at risk for poor academic achievement, socio-emotional difficulties, and long-term health problems due to their lack of participation in physical activities. Previous work on children with DCD has focused primarily on perceptual or task deficits. This proposal examines the hypothesis that children with DCD have problems with the relationship between perception and action and more specifically with the ability to adapt this relationship to new environments and tasks (referred to as adaptive sensorimotor control). In this project, we combine behavioral and computational approaches to investigate this relationship in 7-year-old children with and without DCD in stable and changing sensorimotor environments. Four experimental paradigms are used (a visuomotor drawing task, two postural tasks, one with a driving visual stimulus and another with a driving somatosensory stimulus, and an auditory bilateral tapping task). Thus, we examine the children across multiple motor tasks (drawing, posture, tapping), varying modalities (visual, touch, auditory), and varying time-scales (real-time, short-term adaptation or learning and developmental-time). Such experimental variations are included to address the issue of heterogeneity in this population and more specifically the claim that there are subtypes of DCD that may be task and/or modality dependent for identification. The specific aims of this proposal are to behaviorally and computationally: 1) Characterize the sensorimotor relationships across four tasks. We hypothesize that children with DCO will have less well-defined sensorimotor deficits in all tasks as indexed by measures of spatial and temporal accuracy and variability. Individually, children with DCD will show differential sensorimotor deficits across tasks indicative of the heterogeneity (and possible subtypes) of this population. 2) Investigate the learning of novel internal models under gradual and step-like changes in sensorimotor relationships across four tasks. We hypothesize that children with DCD will be less able to adapt to changes as indexed by time-course, spatial and temporal accuracy and variability measures. Individually, children with DCD will demonstrate differential effects with the abrupt and gradual changes reflecting different underlying mechanisms. 3) Investigate sensorimotor switching across four tasks. We hypothesize that children with DCD will demonstrate an averaging between sensorimotor relationships and/or take longer to stabilize their sensorimotor performance after experiencing a second novel sensorimotor relationship. And 4) Characterize the developmental changes in sensorimotor relationships and adaptations across four tasks after two years. We hypothesize that children with DCD will continue to show broad and non-adaptive sensorimotor tuning as indexed by measures in experiments related to specific aims #1 -3. Taken together, the information from these specific aims will lay the groundwork for future intervention studies as well as further investigation into the underlying mechanisms of this movement disorder.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究项目的长期目标是了解发育协调障碍（DCD）的潜在机制，并为评估和干预患有这种障碍的儿童提供科学依据。在小学，患有DCD的儿童估计占总人口的6%（阿帕，1994）。这些儿童由于缺乏体育活动，有学习成绩差、社会情感困难和长期健康问题的风险。以前的工作与DCD儿童主要集中在知觉或任务缺陷。本提案研究了一个假设，即患有DCD的儿童在感知和行动之间的关系方面存在问题，更具体地说，他们无法适应这种关系以适应新的环境和任务（称为自适应感觉运动控制）。在这个项目中，我们联合收割机的行为和计算的方法来调查这种关系，在7岁的儿童和没有DCD在稳定和不断变化的感觉运动环境。四个实验范式使用（视觉绘画任务，两个姿势任务，一个驾驶视觉刺激和另一个驾驶体感刺激，和听觉双边轻拍任务）。因此，我们研究了儿童在多个运动任务（绘画，姿势，轻敲），不同的方式（视觉，触觉，听觉），和不同的时间尺度（实时，短期适应或学习和发展时间）。纳入这些实验变化是为了解决该人群的异质性问题，更具体地说，是为了解决存在DCD亚型的声明，这些亚型可能依赖于任务和/或模式进行识别。该提案的具体目标是从行为和计算上：1）描述四项任务之间的感觉运动关系。我们假设，DCO的儿童将有较少的明确定义的感觉运动缺陷，在所有的任务作为索引的空间和时间的准确性和可变性的措施。就个体而言，患有DCD的儿童在不同的任务中表现出不同的感觉运动缺陷，表明该人群的异质性（和可能的亚型）。2)研究在四个任务中，在感觉运动关系的渐进和阶梯式变化下，新的内部模型的学习。我们假设，儿童与DCD将不太能够适应的变化，索引的时间过程中，空间和时间的准确性和变异性措施。个别而言，患有DCD的儿童会表现出不同的影响，突变和渐进变化反映了不同的潜在机制。3)研究四项任务中的感觉运动转换。我们假设患有DCD的儿童在经历第二种新的感觉运动关系后，将表现出感觉运动关系之间的平均值和/或需要更长的时间来稳定他们的感觉运动表现。（4）描述两年后四项任务中感觉运动关系和适应的发展变化。我们假设患有DCD的儿童将继续表现出广泛的和非适应性的感觉运动调节，如在与特定目标#1 - 3相关的实验中的测量所示。总之，这些具体目标的信息将为未来的干预研究以及进一步调查这种运动障碍的潜在机制奠定基础。