Adaptive Sensorimotor Control in Children with DCD

DCD 儿童的自适应感觉运动控制

• 批准号: 6773248
• 负责人: Jane E. Clark
• 金额: $ 29.61万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6773248
• 关键词: academic achievement; behavior test; body physical activity; child (0-11); clinical research; disease /disorder; mood disorders; perception disorder; posture; psychomotor function; sensorimotor system; sensory disorders; space perception; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of this research program is to understand the underlying mechanisms of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation, and interventions of children with this disorder. In elementary school, children with DCD are estimated to comprise up to 6 percent of the population (APA, 1994). These children are at risk for poor academic achievement, socio-emotional difficulties, and long-term health problems due to their lack of participation in physical activities. Previous work on children with DCD has focused primarily on perceptual or task deficits. This proposal examines the hypothesis that children with DCD have problems with the relationship between perception and action and more specifically with the ability to adapt this relationship to new environments and tasks (referred to as adaptive sensorimotor control). In this project, we combine behavioral and computational approaches to investigate this relationship in 7-year-old children with and without DCD in stable and changing sensorimotor environments. Four experimental paradigms are used (a visuomotor drawing task, two postural tasks, one with a driving visual stimulus and another with a driving somatosensory stimulus, and an auditory bilateral tapping task). Thus, we examine the children across multiple motor tasks (drawing, posture, tapping), varying modalities (visual, touch, auditory), and varying time-scales (real-time, short-term adaptation or learning and developmental-time). Such experimental variations are included to address the issue of heterogeneity in this population and more specifically the claim that there are subtypes of DCD that may be task and/or modality dependent for identification. The specific aims of this proposal are to behaviorally and computationally: 1) Characterize the sensorimotor relationships across four tasks. We hypothesize that children with DCO will have less well-defined sensorimotor deficits in all tasks as indexed by measures of spatial and temporal accuracy and variability. Individually, children with DCD will show differential sensorimotor deficits across tasks indicative of the heterogeneity (and possible subtypes) of this population. 2) Investigate the learning of novel internal models under gradual and step-like changes in sensorimotor relationships across four tasks. We hypothesize that children with DCD will be less able to adapt to changes as indexed by time-course, spatial and temporal accuracy and variability measures. Individually, children with DCD will demonstrate differential effects with the abrupt and gradual changes reflecting different underlying mechanisms. 3) Investigate sensorimotor switching across four tasks. We hypothesize that children with DCD will demonstrate an averaging between sensorimotor relationships and/or take longer to stabilize their sensorimotor performance after experiencing a second novel sensorimotor relationship. And 4) Characterize the developmental changes in sensorimotor relationships and adaptations across four tasks after two years. We hypothesize that children with DCD will continue to show broad and non-adaptive sensorimotor tuning as indexed by measures in experiments related to specific aims #1 -3. Taken together, the information from these specific aims will lay the groundwork for future intervention studies as well as further investigation into the underlying mechanisms of this movement disorder.

描述(申请人提供)：本研究计划的长期目标是了解发育协调障碍(DCD)的潜在机制，并为该疾病儿童的评估和干预提供科学依据。在小学，患有DCD的儿童估计占总人口的6%(APA，1994)。由于缺乏体育活动，这些儿童面临学业成绩不佳、社会情绪困难和长期健康问题的风险。以前关于DCD儿童的研究主要集中在知觉或任务缺陷上。这项建议检验了一种假设，即患有DCD的儿童在知觉和行动之间的关系方面存在问题，更具体地说，在适应新环境和任务的能力方面存在问题(称为适应性感觉运动控制)。在这个项目中，我们结合行为和计算方法来研究在稳定和变化的感觉运动环境中患有和不患有DCD的7岁儿童的这种关系。实验采用了四种实验范式(视觉运动描画任务、两种姿势任务、一种驱动视觉刺激和另一种驱动体感刺激，以及一种听觉双侧敲击任务)。因此，我们考察了儿童在多种运动任务(绘画、姿势、敲击)、不同形式(视觉、触觉、听觉)和不同时间尺度(实时、短期适应或学习和发育时间)上的表现。纳入这些实验变异是为了解决这一群体中的异质性问题，更具体地说，这是为了声称存在DCD的亚型，这些亚型可能依赖于任务和/或方式来识别。这一建议的具体目标是从行为和计算上：1)表征四个任务中的感觉-运动关系。我们假设，患有DCO的儿童在所有任务中都会有较少明确的感觉运动缺陷，这是通过测量空间和时间的准确性和变异性来衡量的。就个体而言，患有DCD的儿童将在不同的任务中表现出不同的感觉运动缺陷，这表明了这一群体的异质性(和可能的亚型)。2)考察感觉-运动关系在四个任务中的渐进式和阶梯式变化下新的内部模型的学习情况。我们假设，患有DCD的儿童将不太能够适应由时间进程、空间和时间的准确性和变异性指标所指示的变化。就个体而言，DCD儿童将表现出不同的影响，突然和渐进的变化反映了不同的潜在机制。3)考察四种任务的感觉-运动转换。我们假设，患有DCD的儿童在经历第二种新颖的感觉-运动关系后，会表现出感觉-运动关系的平均化，和/或需要更长的时间来稳定他们的感觉-运动表现。4)描述了两年后感觉-运动关系和适应在四个任务中的发展变化。我们假设，在与特定目标1-3相关的实验中，DCD儿童将继续表现出广泛的和非适应性的感觉-运动调节，以测量为指标。综上所述，来自这些特定目标的信息将为未来的干预研究以及进一步研究这种运动障碍的潜在机制奠定基础。