Resilience on the individual and community level in the face of adversity - an ethnographic approach to shed light on current controversies around PTS

个人和社区层面面对逆境时的复原力——一种民族志方法来阐明当前关于PTS的争议

• 批准号: 2450869
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: King's College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2450869
• 关键词: Resilience; individual; community; level; face

There is a controversy around PTSD across cultures (e.g. Gilmoor et al., 2019). Many studies within GMH have focused on disorder and pathology (e.g. Ng et al., 2019), with little attention given to the resilience of populations. Recent WHO initiatives to support self-help and resilience in the face of adversity (e.g. Epping-Jordan et al., 2016) seem promising (e.g. Tol et al., 2020). However, changes are small and tend to diminish over times. More contextual research is needed to explore how resilience and coping of individuals and communities may be harnessed, which, in turn, has potential to inform the new wave of psychosocial interventions in GMH. Most research on trauma has been conducted in humanitarian settings (e.g. Jordans et al., 2012). However, there is high exposure to traumatic events in non-humanitarian settings in LMICs: preliminary findings of the multi-country KCL-led ASSET project suggest high exposure to traumatic events (personal communication, Charlotte Hanlon). As results have indicated relatively low levels of PTSD (4.4%), a deeper understanding of response to trauma in LMICs is needed (Hanlon & Jordans, 2020). My proposed PhD project will build on the findings of the ASSET project. Ethnographic methodology will be used to explain low trauma symptoms despite high exposure. A more indepth understanding of resilience of individuals and communities is expected to improve the design of psychosocial interventions that produce culturally meaningful outcomes.

跨文化的PTSD存在争议（例如Gilmoor等人，2019年）。GMH内的许多研究集中于病症和病理学（例如Ng等人，2019年），很少关注人口的弹性。世卫组织最近支持在逆境中自助和复原力的举措（例如Epping-Jordan等人，2016）似乎很有希望（例如Tol et al.，2020年）。然而，变化很小，往往随着时间的推移而减少。需要更多的背景研究，以探讨如何利用个人和社区的弹性和应对，这反过来又有可能为GMH的新一波心理社会干预提供信息。大多数关于创伤的研究都是在人道主义背景下进行的（例如，Jordans等人，2012年）。然而，在中低收入国家的非人道主义环境中，创伤性事件的风险较高：KCL领导的多国ASSET项目的初步调查结果表明，创伤性事件的风险较高（个人交流，夏洛特汉伦）。由于结果表明PTSD的水平相对较低（4.4%），因此需要更深入地了解LMIC对创伤的反应（Hanlon & Jordans，2020）。我提出的博士项目将建立在ASSET项目的研究结果。人种学方法将被用来解释低创伤症状，尽管高暴露。更深入地了解个人和社区的复原力，有望改善心理社会干预措施的设计，产生具有文化意义的结果。