Integrative Study of Vocal Development

声乐发展的综合研究

• 批准号: 6854674
• 负责人: DAVID S VICARIO
• 金额: $ 69.22万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-08 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6854674
• 关键词: animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; data collection methodology /evaluation; developmental neurobiology; electrodes; electromyography; interdisciplinary collaboration; learning; psychoacoustics; psychomotor function; respiratory airway pressure; songbirds; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed work will advance understanding of the neural mechanisms of sensory-motor learning by providing a quantitative description of the relationship between multiple physiological variables and vocal performance during development in a songbird, the zebra finch. Young male zebra finches learn their songs from adult models through a process of imitation that resembles human speech acquisition. Learned song, consists of a stereotyped sequence of distinct sounds produced by coordinated action of the two brain hemispheres, via right and left sound generators in the bird's syrinx (vocal organ), on patterned respiratory pressure pulses. Behavioral methods have been developed that trigger the vocal imitation process by presenting a model song, then measure the emerging structure of vocal output on a moment-to-moment basis. The bird rapidly transforms its limited, unstable vocal repertoire into a pattern of distinct syllable types defined by temporal and acoustic parameters - a process of differentiation and stabilization. This application proposes an interdisciplinary collaboration to study this learning process at the behavioral, articulatory, and brain levels in laboratories with expertise in physiological, behavioral and computational approaches to motol earning. Using the standardized behavioral paradigm, vocal output and physiological data will be recorded from different levels of the system at critical times during learning. The emerging structure of song will be elated to: 1) articulatory gestures recorded as respiratory pressure patterns and syringeal airflow; 2) premotor activity in subregions of vocal nucleus RA involved in respiratory vs. syringeal control; and 3) the role of synchronizing inputs to vocal nucleus HVC in song initiation and coordination. Quantitative analysis of the behavior and multi-level physiological data will yield a detailed account of how neural activity is structured into a learned temporal pattern during development and how multiple patterns, controlling different vocal effectors, combine to produce the song that is heard.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的工作将通过提供对鸣禽斑胸草雀发育过程中多个生理变量与发声性能之间关系的定量描述，促进对感觉运动学习神经机制的理解。年轻的雄性斑胸草雀通过模仿的过程从成年模型中学习它们的歌曲，这类似于人类的语言习得。学习的歌曲，由两个大脑半球的协调行动产生的一系列刻板的不同声音组成，通过鸟类的鸣管（发声器官）中的左右发声器，模式化的呼吸压力脉冲。行为学方法已经被开发出来，通过呈现一首模型歌曲来触发声音模仿过程，然后在每时每刻的基础上测量声音输出的新兴结构。这种鸟迅速地将其有限的、不稳定的发声能力转变为由时间和声学参数定义的不同音节类型的模式--这是一个分化和稳定的过程。该应用程序提出了一个跨学科的合作，研究这个学习过程中的行为，发音，和大脑水平的实验室与专业知识的生理，行为和计算方法motol收入。使用标准化的行为范例，在学习过程中的关键时刻，将从系统的不同级别记录声音输出和生理数据。歌曲的新兴结构将与以下方面有关：1）记录为呼吸压力模式和舌下气流的发音姿势; 2）涉及呼吸与舌下控制的声核RA亚区的运动前活动; 3）同步输入到声核HVC在歌曲启动和协调中的作用。对行为和多层次生理数据的定量分析将产生一个详细的解释，说明神经活动是如何在发育过程中被构造成一个习得的时间模式的，以及控制不同声音效应器的多种模式是如何联合收割机结合起来产生被听到的歌曲的。