Integrative Study of Vocal Development

声乐发展的综合研究

• 批准号: 7117580
• 负责人: DAVID S VICARIO
• 金额: $ 62.74万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-08 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7117580
• 关键词: animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; data collection methodology /evaluation; developmental neurobiology; electrodes; electromyography; interdisciplinary collaboration; learning; psychoacoustics; psychomotor function; respiratory airway pressure; songbirds; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed work will advance understanding of the neural mechanisms of sensory-motor learning by providing a quantitative description of the relationship between multiple physiological variables and vocal performance during development in a songbird, the zebra finch. Young male zebra finches learn their songs from adult models through a process of imitation that resembles human speech acquisition. Learned song, consists of a stereotyped sequence of distinct sounds produced by coordinated action of the two brain hemispheres, via right and left sound generators in the bird's syrinx (vocal organ), on patterned respiratory pressure pulses. Behavioral methods have been developed that trigger the vocal imitation process by presenting a model song, then measure the emerging structure of vocal output on a moment-to-moment basis. The bird rapidly transforms its limited, unstable vocal repertoire into a pattern of distinct syllable types defined by temporal and acoustic parameters - a process of differentiation and stabilization. This application proposes an interdisciplinary collaboration to study this learning process at the behavioral, articulatory, and brain levels in laboratories with expertise in physiological, behavioral and computational approaches to motol earning. Using the standardized behavioral paradigm, vocal output and physiological data will be recorded from different levels of the system at critical times during learning. The emerging structure of song will be elated to: 1) articulatory gestures recorded as respiratory pressure patterns and syringeal airflow; 2) premotor activity in subregions of vocal nucleus RA involved in respiratory vs. syringeal control; and 3) the role of synchronizing inputs to vocal nucleus HVC in song initiation and coordination. Quantitative analysis of the behavior and multi-level physiological data will yield a detailed account of how neural activity is structured into a learned temporal pattern during development and how multiple patterns, controlling different vocal effectors, combine to produce the song that is heard.

描述（由申请人提供）：该研究将通过对鸣禽斑胸草雀发育过程中多种生理变量与声音表现之间关系的定量描述，促进对感觉-运动学习的神经机制的理解。年轻的雄性斑胸草雀通过模仿类似人类语言习得的过程，向成年斑胸草雀学习鸣叫。习得的歌声是由两个大脑半球的协调作用产生的一系列不同的声音组成的，通过鸟的耳鸣器（发声器官）的左右声音发生器，在模式呼吸压力脉冲下产生。行为方法已经被开发出来，通过呈现一首模范歌曲来触发声音模仿过程，然后在每一刻的基础上测量声音输出的新兴结构。这种鸟迅速将其有限的、不稳定的声乐曲目转变为一种由时间和声学参数定义的独特音节类型模式——一个分化和稳定的过程。这个应用程序提出了一个跨学科的合作，在行为、发音和大脑水平上研究这个学习过程，并在实验室中使用生理、行为和计算方法来研究运动学习。使用标准化的行为范式，在学习过程中的关键时刻，从系统的不同层次记录语音输出和生理数据。歌唱的新结构将与：1)记录为呼吸压力模式和注射器气流的发音手势有关；2)声核RA亚区参与呼吸与注射器控制的运动前活动；3)同步输入到声核HVC在歌曲发起和协调中的作用。对行为和多层次生理数据的定量分析将详细说明在发育过程中，神经活动是如何被组织成一种习得的时间模式的，以及控制不同声音效应器的多种模式是如何结合起来产生所听到的歌曲的。