Neurobehavioral Correlates of Early Deprivation

早期剥夺的神经行为相关性

• 批准号: 6881347
• 负责人: SETH D POLLAK
• 金额: $ 31.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-05 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6881347
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior disorders; child psychology; clinical research; cognition disorders; early experience; electroencephalography; electrophysiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; isolation /deprivation; locus of control; longitudinal human study; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psychological stressor; sensorimotor system; sensory deprivation; short term memory; social psychology; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This collaborative R01 involves parallel studies at the Universities of Wisconsin and Minnesota. The work explores the neurobiological bases of problems in attention/executive functions, sensory integration, and emotion/stress regulation exhibited by children who have experienced neglect/privation early in life. This project is motivated by renewed interest the effects of early deprivation/neglect on development, precipitated by the last decade's increase in international adoptions. In addition, it reflects concerns with brain development and neural plasticity coupled with continued controversies over the importance of early experiences and questions about sensitive periods. The marked change in living environments experienced with adoption allows a reasonable way to estimate both the duration and ages during which deprivation was experienced. To date, studies of these children have employed global measures that are difficult to map to specific neural systems. The General Aim of this project is to build upon extant studies and examine specific cognitive and affective systems. The specific aims identify (a) aspects of neural circuitry that are linked to the development of cognitive processes and self-regulatory behaviors and (b) later-developing neural systems that are likely to be affected by early deprivation/neglect. Specific Aim 1 examines frontally mediated systems believed to underlie aspects of attention, inhibitory control, and working memory. Specific Aim 2 examines sensory-motor processing including sensory integration, acquisition, and praxis. Specific Aim 3 explores systems thoughts to be compromised based upon the animal literature on early neglect: cortico-limbic-hypothalamic-brainstem systems that are involved in stress reactivity and regulation. Together, these studies will provide a relatively comprehensive and more specific picture of the potential neural compromises resulting from early deprivation in human children as well as highlighting those aspects of brain-behavior development that appear to be spared.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个合作R 01涉及在威斯康星州和明尼苏达州的大学平行研究。这项工作探讨了在注意力/执行功能，感觉统合和情绪/压力调节问题的神经生物学基础，这些问题是在生命早期经历过忽视/忽视的儿童所表现出来的。该项目的动机是，人们重新关注过去十年国际收养增加所造成的早期剥夺/忽视对发展的影响。此外，它反映了对大脑发育和神经可塑性的关注，以及对早期经验重要性和敏感期问题的持续争议。收养所经历的生活环境的显着变化允许一个合理的方式来估计的持续时间和年龄，在此期间被剥夺的经验。迄今为止，对这些儿童的研究采用了难以映射到特定神经系统的全球措施。这个项目的总体目标是建立在现有的研究和检查特定的认知和情感系统。具体目标确定：（a）与认知过程和自我调节行为发展相关的神经回路方面，以及（B）可能受到早期剥夺/忽视影响的后期发展神经系统。 具体目标1检查额叶介导的系统，认为是注意力，抑制控制和工作记忆的基础。 具体目标2检查感觉运动处理，包括感觉整合，获取和实践。 具体目标3探索系统的想法，以早期忽视的动物文献为基础，妥协：皮质-边缘-下丘脑-脑干系统，参与应激反应和调节。总之，这些研究将提供一个相对全面和更具体的图片的潜在神经损害所造成的早期剥夺在人类儿童以及突出那些方面的大脑行为发展似乎是幸免。