Race Versus Culture: Vocal Aging in African Americans

种族与文化：非裔美国人的声音老化

• 批准号: 6831607
• 负责人: SUE ELLEN LINVILLE
• 金额: $ 7.25万
• 依托单位: MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6831607
• 关键词: African American; age difference; clinical research; culture; gender difference; human old age (65+); human subject; interview; larynx; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; sociolinguistics; sound frequency; speech; voice; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To date, studies of the aged voice have focused overwhelmingly on European-American elderly speakers. Studies of the aged African-American voice are extremely limited. This situation is problematic for voice professionals, since racial/ethnic minorities comprise an increasingly large segment of the U.S. population and are likely to require treatment for voice quality disorders in greater numbers as the century progresses. In addition to racial differences, there are recognized cultural differences between African-Americans and European-Americans that affect the life experiences of the two groups. Sociocultural variables such as acculturation level, usage patterns of Black English, and socioeconomic status may impact any normative data obtained on the African-American voice and must be considered. This research project has three purposes. The primary purpose is to explore the effect of acculturation on speech and voice production in both young adult and elderly African-American speakers. In addition: (1) normative data will be obtained on the elderly African-American voice, controlling for variations in sociocultural background, physiological condition, and dialect usage; and (2) relationships will be assessed among selected acoustic measures of African-American speech/voice and measures of sociocultural status, physiological condition, dialect usage, and vocal performance. A sample of 128 young and elderly African- American men and women in two groups (high acculturation, low acculturation) will participate. Spoken sentences will be analyzed for mean F0, FS0D, F0 range (in semitones), consonant/vowel durations, stop closure interval, VOT, voiceless interval, and spirantization. Sustained vowel productions (/i/,/a/) will be analyzed for F0, F0SD, % jitter, % shimmer, pitch perturbation quotient, amplitude perturbation quotient, F1, F2, F3, and harmonics-to-noise ratio. Results will facilitate future comparisons of elderly African American and European American speakers who are matched on a variety of sociocultural measures.

描述（由申请人提供）：迄今为止，对老年声音的研究主要集中在欧洲裔美国老年说话者身上。对老年非洲裔美国人声音的研究极其有限。这种情况对于声音专业人士来说是一个问题，因为少数种族/族裔在美国人口中所占的比例越来越大，并且随着本世纪的进步，可能会有更多的人需要接受声音质量障碍的治疗。除了种族差异外，非洲裔美国人和欧洲裔美国人之间还存在公认的文化差异，影响着这两个群体的生活经历。文化适应水平、黑人英语的使用模式和社会经济地位等社会文化变量可能会影响有关非裔美国人声音的任何规范性数据，因此必须予以考虑。该研究项目有三个目的。主要目的是探讨文化适应对年轻和老年非裔美国说话者的言语和声音产生的影响。此外：（1）将获得关于老年非裔美国人声音的规范数据，控制社会文化背景、生理状况和方言使用的变化； (2) 将评估非裔美国人言语/声音的选定声学测量与社会文化地位、生理状况、方言使用和声音表现测量之间的关系。 128 名年轻和老年非裔美国男性和女性样本将参与两组（高文化适应度和低文化适应度）。将分析口语句子的平均 F0、FS0D、F0 范围（以半音为单位）、辅音/元音持续时间、停顿音程、VOT、清音音程和 spirantization。将分析持续元音产生（/i/、/a/）的 F0、F0SD、% 抖动、% 闪烁、音调扰动商、幅度扰动商、F1、F2、F3 和谐波噪声比。结果将有助于未来对在各种社会文化指标上相匹配的老年非洲裔美国人和欧洲裔美国人的说话者进行比较。