Core--ES Cell and Microinjection Facility

本计划项目中关于早期心脏发育遗传学的组成部分研究在技术和生物学上都侧重于研究小鼠作为生物体。在脊椎动物中，只有老鼠允许如此强大的一系列遗传操作。这些项目涉及通过在ES细胞中进行同源重组或体内Cre/IoxP重组，在小鼠的生殖系和体细胞组织中产生突变。其他需求包括产生携带细菌人工染色体（BAC）、常规转基因、诱导型转基因或引入胚泡的工程化细胞的小鼠。这些操作ES细胞和构建小鼠的程序在技术上要求很高，并且在专用的核心实验室中进行最有效。所有这些等位基因和技术都已由核心主任成功实施，许多具体的创新都是通过本项目的前期支持开发的。

The component studies in this Program Project on the genetics of early cardiac development share a technical and biological focus on the mouse as the organism studied. Among vertebrates, only the mouse permits so robust a range of genetic manipulations. The projects involve creating mutations in the germ line and somatic tissues of mice by performing homologous recombination in ES cells, or Cre/IoxP recombination in vivo. Other needs include the creation of mice harboring a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), conventional transgene, inducible transgene, or engineered cells that are introduced into blastocysts. These procedures for manipulation of ES cells and the construction of mice are technically demanding and most efficiently performed in a dedicated core laboratory. All of these alleles and technologies have been successfully implemented by the Core Directors, and many of the specific innovations were developed through prior support of this Project.