MR Studies of Alcohol-Induced Brain Injury and Recovery

酒精引起的脑损伤和恢复的磁共振研究

• 批准号: 6867559
• 负责人: PETER ROBERT MARTIN
• 金额: $ 46.98万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-15 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6867559
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavior test; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebellum; clinical research; cognition; cognition disorders; frontal lobe /cortex; functional ability; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; motor cortex; patient oriented research; prognosis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neuroradiologic methods have shown that chronic dependent have significant reductions of brain and neuropsychological patients volume and neurobehavioral deficits. Whereas certain of these alterations reverse during abstinence, the neurocognitive deficts that persist beyond the phase of detoxification may be viewed as pre-morbid risk factors and/or determinants of treatment outcome. Our previous findings suggest the major hypothesis to be tested: Reduced absolute concentrations of the neuronal marker, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in the cerebrellar vermis and inefficient brain activation during finger tapping both characterize disruption of fronto-cerbellar circuits in subject with poor outcome, early onset alcohol dependence and neurocognitive/affective compromise. The overall significance of the work proposed is that it will use complementary state of the art MRI and MRS measurements of brain structure, metabolism, and activation to address novel hypotheses regarding the nature of neurocognitive/affective abnormalities that either are (or are not) reversible with abstinence. We propose to determine whether impaired cerebellar and motor cortical fMRI activation during self-paced and externally paced index finger tapping with the dominant or nondominant hand and prefrontal dysfunction during performance of Simon spatial incompatibility task improve differentially over 3 months of monitored abstinence. Second, we will assess whether task performance and corresponding fMRI activation within (practice/learning effects) and between (recovery) fMRI sessions distinguish patients and controls. Third, we will study whether fMRI can identify regions in cerebellum and frontal lobes that are functionally discrepant between alcohol dependent and normal subjects to provide the focus for detailed MRS and structural MRI studies that may pinpoint the origin(s) of disruptions or corticocerebeUar circuits in alcoholics. Finally, we wish to establish the prognostic value of quantitative MR methods to predict the degree of recovery of neurocognitive/affective functions and clinical course over three months of abstinence. These investigations of pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying a alcohol-induced brain damage and recovery with abstinence are of fundamental importance, with implications for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经放射学方法表明，慢性依赖者的大脑和神经心理患者体积以及神经行为缺陷显着减少。而某些这些改变在禁欲期间逆转，持续超过解毒阶段的神经认知缺陷可能被视为发病前的风险因素和/或治疗结果的决定因素。我们以前的研究结果表明，主要的假设进行测试：减少绝对浓度的神经元标记物，N-乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）在小脑蚓部和低效的大脑激活过程中的手指轻敲都表征中断额cerbellar电路的受试者与不良的结果，早发性酒精依赖和神经认知/情感妥协。这项工作的总体意义在于，它将使用最先进的MRI和MRS测量大脑结构、代谢和激活的互补状态来解决关于神经认知/情感异常性质的新假设，这些异常在禁欲的情况下是（或不是）可逆的。我们建议，以确定是否受损的小脑和运动皮层功能磁共振成像激活在自起搏和外部起搏食指敲击与优势或非优势的手和前额功能障碍的西蒙空间不相容任务的性能提高差异超过3个月的监测禁欲。其次，我们将评估是否任务性能和相应的功能磁共振成像激活内（实践/学习效果）和之间（恢复）功能磁共振成像会议区分患者和对照组。第三，我们将研究功能磁共振成像是否可以识别酒精依赖者和正常受试者之间小脑和额叶的功能差异区域，为详细的MRS和结构磁共振成像研究提供重点，这些研究可能会查明酗酒者大脑皮质回路中断的起源。最后，我们希望建立定量MR方法的预后价值，以预测三个月的禁欲的神经认知/情感功能和临床过程的恢复程度。这些研究酒精诱导的脑损伤的病理生理机制和戒酒后的恢复具有根本的重要性，对预防、诊断和治疗具有重要意义。