MR Studies of Alcohol-Induced Brain Injury and Recovery

酒精引起的脑损伤和恢复的磁共振研究

• 批准号: 7019199
• 负责人: PETER ROBERT MARTIN
• 金额: $ 49.69万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-15 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7019199
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavior test; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebellum; clinical research; cognition; cognition disorders; frontal lobe /cortex; functional ability; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; motor cortex; patient oriented research; prognosis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neuroradiologic methods have shown that chronic dependent have significant reductions of brain and neuropsychological patients volume and neurobehavioral deficits. Whereas certain of these alterations reverse during abstinence, the neurocognitive deficts that persist beyond the phase of detoxification may be viewed as pre-morbid risk factors and/or determinants of treatment outcome. Our previous findings suggest the major hypothesis to be tested: Reduced absolute concentrations of the neuronal marker, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in the cerebrellar vermis and inefficient brain activation during finger tapping both characterize disruption of fronto-cerbellar circuits in subject with poor outcome, early onset alcohol dependence and neurocognitive/affective compromise. The overall significance of the work proposed is that it will use complementary state of the art MRI and MRS measurements of brain structure, metabolism, and activation to address novel hypotheses regarding the nature of neurocognitive/affective abnormalities that either are (or are not) reversible with abstinence. We propose to determine whether impaired cerebellar and motor cortical fMRI activation during self-paced and externally paced index finger tapping with the dominant or nondominant hand and prefrontal dysfunction during performance of Simon spatial incompatibility task improve differentially over 3 months of monitored abstinence. Second, we will assess whether task performance and corresponding fMRI activation within (practice/learning effects) and between (recovery) fMRI sessions distinguish patients and controls. Third, we will study whether fMRI can identify regions in cerebellum and frontal lobes that are functionally discrepant between alcohol dependent and normal subjects to provide the focus for detailed MRS and structural MRI studies that may pinpoint the origin(s) of disruptions or corticocerebeUar circuits in alcoholics. Finally, we wish to establish the prognostic value of quantitative MR methods to predict the degree of recovery of neurocognitive/affective functions and clinical course over three months of abstinence. These investigations of pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying a alcohol-induced brain damage and recovery with abstinence are of fundamental importance, with implications for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

描述(申请人提供)：神经放射学方法表明，慢性依赖患者的脑和神经心理患者数量和神经行为缺陷显著减少。虽然其中某些变化在戒毒期间会逆转，但持续到戒毒阶段后的神经认知缺陷可能被视为发病前的风险因素和/或治疗结果的决定因素。我们之前的研究结果表明，需要检验的主要假设是：小脑蠕虫中神经元标记物N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)的绝对浓度降低，以及手指敲击时大脑激活效率低下，这两个特征都是预后不良、早发性酒精依赖和神经认知/情感妥协的受试者额脑回路中断的特征。这项拟议工作的总体意义在于，它将使用最先进的MRI和MRS对大脑结构、新陈代谢和激活的测量来解决关于神经认知/情感异常的性质的新假设，这些异常在戒酒后是可逆的(或不可逆转的)。我们建议确定，在3个月的监测禁欲期间，在用优势或非优势手轻敲自定步速和外步速食指时，小脑和运动皮质功能磁共振活动受损，以及在执行Simon空间不相容任务时前额叶功能障碍是否有不同程度的改善。其次，我们将评估在(练习/学习影响)和(恢复)fMRI会话之间的任务表现和相应的fMRI激活是否区分患者和对照组。第三，我们将研究功能磁共振能否识别酒精依赖和正常受试者之间小脑和额叶功能差异的区域，为详细的磁共振波谱和结构磁共振研究提供重点，这些研究可能确定酒精依赖者大脑皮质回路中断的来源(S)。最后，我们希望建立定量MR方法的预后价值，以预测戒毒三个月后神经认知/情感功能的恢复程度和临床病程。这些研究酒精引起的脑损伤和戒酒恢复的病理生理机制具有重要的基础意义，对预防、诊断和治疗具有重要意义。