Pelagic fish and shark survivability in recreational fisheries - Biological Sciences PhD Studentship (NERC GW4+ DTP funded)

休闲渔业中的远洋鱼类和鲨鱼生存能力 - 生物科学博士生奖学金（NERC GW4 DTP 资助）

• 批准号: 2556480
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2556480
• 关键词: Pelagic; fish; shark; survivability; recreational

In the UK, recreational fishing effort expended by an estimated 884,000 fishers in England [in 2012] represented more than 4 million fishing days, and £831 million direct spend. A portion of this effort is directed towards the catch-and-release recreational fishing industry. For some large pelagic fish and shark species, prohibitions on commercial landing exist due to precipitous declines (e.g. porbeagle). By comparison, recreational catch-and-release fisheries are largely unregulated (although stakeholder groups can enact rules of engagement upon their membership), and the ecological consequences of these activities for ecosystems are poorly understood. Knowledge on the post-release behaviour and survivorship of large pelagic fish caught in recreational catch-and-release fisheries will therefore be i) valuable to enhance conservation measures through the refinement of good practice techniques for handling and releasing, and ii) aid delivery of key ecosystem services provided by these animals (by ensuring these animals have the best chance of survival). The current lack of understanding on survivability is particularly challenging as recreational catch-and-release fisheries are often promoted as a sustainable activity, yet in UK waters the effects of this practice is largely unknown. Existing literature suggests variability in fishing and handling practices along with the host environment (e.g. water temperature) can significantly influence post-release survivorship. However, to what degree each of these factors contribute to survivability and which aspects of the catch-release process have the greatest opportunity to deliver evidence-based improvements in survivorship requires scientific investigation.

在英国，[2012年]估计有884，000名渔民在英格兰进行休闲捕鱼，超过400万捕鱼日，直接支出8.31亿英镑。这项努力的一部分是针对捕捞和释放休闲渔业。对于一些大型中上层鱼类和鲨鱼物种，由于急剧减少，禁止商业捕捞（例如鼠鲨）。相比之下，休闲捕捞和释放渔业基本上不受管制（尽管利益攸关方团体可以根据其成员资格制定参与规则），这些活动对生态系统的生态后果知之甚少。因此，关于在休闲捕捞和释放渔业中捕获的大型中上层鱼类的释放后行为和存活率的知识将是：i）通过改进处理和释放的良好实践技术来加强保护措施，以及ii）帮助提供这些动物提供的关键生态系统服务（通过确保这些动物有最好的生存机会）。目前缺乏对生存能力的了解是特别具有挑战性的休闲捕捞和释放渔业往往是作为一种可持续的活动，但在英国沃茨的影响，这种做法在很大程度上是未知的。现有的文献表明，捕捞和处理做法的变化沿着宿主环境（如水温），可以显着影响释放后的生存。然而，这些因素中的每一个在多大程度上有助于生存率，以及捕获-释放过程的哪些方面最有机会提供基于证据的生存率改善，需要科学调查。