Long Term Recovery Among Convicted Drunk Drivers

描述（由申请人提供）：此R 01赠款申请要求5年的资金，以延长一批首次驾驶而受损（DWI）罪犯的观察期至15年。受试者首次观察时，法院授权的药物滥用评价转诊到筛选程序在阿尔伯克基，NM的第一次DWI进攻（1989-1992年）。5年后，对1，396名罪犯进行了访谈，确定了目前和12个月的物质使用和其他精神疾病诊断。目前的二次分析补助金审查了为5年随访研究开发的纵向数据库。对于拟议的研究，我们将在5年的随访研究中对整个队列的参与者进行定位和结构化的面对面访谈。估计71%的受试者可以找到，5%死亡。一项初步研究显示参与意愿较高（92%），估计共有750例受试者（35%为非西班牙裔白色; 47%为西班牙裔; 15%为美洲印第安人; 3%为其他种族; 56%为女性）。访谈和问卷调查将测量酒精使用和其他精神疾病的15年进展;检查在有和没有正式和非正式治疗的帮助下达到清醒的受试者的属性;确定驾驶结果的长期比率，包括违规，撞车和DWI逮捕;并评估两种替代理论模型（即，社会控制和认知行为模型）在预测长期，酒后驾驶和交通后果。最后，通过对一部分罪犯进行定性研究，我们将评估受试者的自我报告信息和长期保持清醒和复发的变化。将通过明确规定的诊断标准确定酒精和药物滥用/依赖的流行率以及精神健康诊断。将比较性别之间以及西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白色受试者之间的发生率。对于仍居住在新墨西哥州的受试者（估计约为88%的受试者），将通过自我报告和使用基于计算机的档案记录数据来确定驾驶结果。酒后驾车是美国与酒精有关的死亡的最大单一原因，超过三分之一的与酒精有关的撞车事故中的司机以前曾因酒后驾车被捕。然而，很少有研究调查被定罪的酒后驾车者的长期结果。在这个DWI样本的长期随访中，已经详细描述了，可以增加很多关于酒后驾车的知识。收集长期跟踪数据的能力，加上理论发展和综合的经验重点，将为制定男女罪犯的预防和治疗方案作出独特的贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R01 grant application requests 5 years of funding to extend the observation period of a cohort of first-time driving while impaired (DWI) offenders to 15 years. Subjects were first observed at the time of court-mandated referral for substance abuse evaluation to a screening program in Albuquerque, NM for a first DWI offense (1989-1992). A subset of 1,396 offenders was interviewed 5 years later where current and 12-month diagnoses of substance use and other psychiatric disorders were ascertained. A current secondary analysis grant examines the longitudinal database developed for the 5-year follow-up study. For the proposed study we will locate, and conduct structured, in-person interviews with the entire cohort of participants in the 5-year follow-up study. An estimated 71% of subjects can be located, with 5% deceased. A pilot study revealed a high (92%) willingness to participate, yielding an estimated total of 750 subjects (35% non-Hispanic White; 47% Hispanic; 15% American Indian; 3% other races; 56% of subjects are females). Interviews and questionnaires will measure the 15-year progression of alcohol use and other psychiatric disorders; examine attributes of subjects who achieved sobriety with and without the aid of formal and informal treatment; determine long-term rates of driving outcomes, including violations, crashes, and DWI arrests; and evaluate two alternative theoretical models (i.e., the Social-Control, and the Cognitive-Behavioral models) in predicting long-term, drinking/driving and traffic outcomes. Finally, through conduct of a qualitative study with a subset of offenders, we will assess subjects' self-report information and variability in long-term maintenance of sobriety and relapse. Prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse/dependence, and mental health diagnoses will be ascertained through well specified diagnostic criteria. Rates will be compared between genders and between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White subjects. Driving outcomes will be ascertained by self-report and using computer-based archival record data for those who still reside in New Mexico (estimated to be about 88% of subjects). Driving after drinking is the largest single cause of alcohol-related deaths in the U.S., and over one third of drivers in alcohol-related crashes have previous drunk-driving arrests. Yet few studies have examined long-term outcomes of convicted drunk drivers. Longer-term follow-up in this DWI sample, already described in rich detail, could add much to the body of knowledge regarding drunk drivers. The ability to collect long-term follow-up data coupled with theory development and an integrated empirical focus will provide a unique contribution to the development of prevention and treatment programs for both female and male offenders.