Matching Services to Client Needs in Drug Court

毒品法庭根据客户需求提供匹配服务

• 批准号: 6899833
• 负责人: Douglas B Marlowe
• 金额: $ 36.18万
• 依托单位: TREATMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-29 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6899833
• 关键词: antisocial personality; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; counseling; court; criminal behavior; drug abuse therapy; drug addiction; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; interview; medical outreach /case finding; patient care management; questionnaires; relapse /recurrence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a competing continuation application for NIDA grant #R01-DA-13096, The Role of Judicial Status Hearings in Drug Court. The aims of this four-year study were to experimentally isolate the effects of judicial status hearings on drug court outcomes and to identify client characteristics that interact with status hearings. Results of a randomized controlled trial revealed no main effect of status hearings on counseling attendance, urinalysis results, official re-arrests and re-convictions, or self-reported substance use or criminal activity during drug court or at 6 months or 12 months post-admission. However, "high-risk" subjects who had Antisocial Personality Disorder or a prior failed history in drug abuse treatment performed more favorably when assigned to bi-weekly hearings, whereas "low-risk" subjects without these risk factors performed more favorably when assigned to as-needed hearings. With Supplemental support from NIDA and CSAT, we replicated several of these findings in two new jurisdictions in rural and urban communities. Unfortunately, we were required to stop the replication study prematurely because certain high-risk offenders were performing exceptionably poorly in the as-needed condition. As a result, the small Ns for the replication sample may not be representative of the target population and we do not have sufficient statistical power to follow up on some of the other findings or to conduct longer-term outcome analyses. It is essential to confirm these interaction effects in a fully powered study, to gain a better handle on how to explain these interaction effects, and to determine how best to exploit these effects for the benefit of drug court clients and drug court programs. We began implementing a prospective matching study to follow up on these findings. We expect to complete half of the recruitment before the current funding runs out and we are asking for three additional years of support to complete recruitment, follow participants for two years, and disseminate our findings. The Specific Aims are to evaluate the effects of matching drug court clients to the appropriate schedule of status hearings given their risk level; identify potential mediating or moderating variables that may explain the process by which status hearings exert their effects on outcomes; and identify other risk factors or matching variables that interact with judicial status hearings. We are the first research group to accomplish a randomized controlled study of status hearings in drug court and we have done so with high integrity of the experimental conditions in five different courts. We have highly trained staffs on-site at the courts; developed safe, ethical, and effective research procedures; and convened local Steering Committees comprised of the key drug court stakeholders to provide guidance to the projects. The goal of this application is to follow up on our extremely important and practical findings, to maintain this research infrastructure, and to continue conducting an unusually successful program of research with drug-involved criminal offenders.

描述（由申请人提供）： 这是 NIDA 拨款 #R01-DA-13096 的竞争性延续申请，“毒品法庭司法地位听证会的作用”。这项为期四年的研究的目的是通过实验分离司法地位听证会对毒品法庭结果的影响，并确定与地位听证会相互作用的客户特征。随机对照试验的结果显示，身份听证会对咨询出勤率、尿液分析结果、正式再次逮捕和重新定罪、毒品法庭期间或入院后 6 个月或 12 个月时自我报告的药物使用或犯罪活动没有主要影响。然而，患有反社会人格障碍或之前药物滥用治疗失败史的“高风险”受试者在被分配参加每两周一次的听证会时表现更佳，而没有这些风险因素的“低风险”受试者在被分配参加按需听证会时表现更佳。 在 NIDA 和 CSAT 的补充支持下，我们在农村和城市社区的两个新司法管辖区复制了其中几项研究结果。不幸的是，我们被要求提前停止复制研究，因为某些高风险罪犯在按需条件下的表现异常糟糕。因此，复制样本的小 N 可能无法代表目标人群，并且我们没有足够的统计能力来跟进其他一些发现或进行长期结果分析。有必要在一项全面的研究中确认这些相互作用效应，以便更好地理解如何解释这些相互作用效应，并确定如何最好地利用这些效应来造福毒品法庭客户和毒品法庭项目。 我们开始实施一项前瞻性匹配研究来跟进这些发现。我们预计在当前资金用完之前完成一半的招募，并请求额外三年的支持来完成招募、跟踪参与者两年并传播我们的发现。具体目标是评估将毒品法庭客户与适当的身份听证会时间表相匹配（考虑到其风险水平）的效果；确定潜在的中介或调节变量，这些变量可以解释地位听证会对结果产生影响的过程；并确定与司法地位听证会相互作用的其他风险因素或匹配变量。 我们是第一个完成毒品法庭状态听证会随机对照研究的研究小组，并且我们在五个不同法庭的实验条件的高度完整性下完成了这项研究。我们在法庭现场拥有训练有素的工作人员；制定安全、合乎道德且有效的研究程序；并召集了由毒品法庭主要利益相关者组成的当地指导委员会，为项目提供指导。该应用程序的目标是跟进我们极其重要且实用的发现，维护这一研究基础设施，并继续对涉及毒品的刑事犯罪者进行异常成功的研究计划。