Videotape-based HIV Prevention Intervention

描述（由申请人提供）：艾滋病干预计划是从社会认知理论和认知行为原则的基础上产生的，已被证明是改变艾滋病毒高危行为的最大希望。不幸的是，认知行为干预措施还没有转移到社区组织的成本效益的实施，由于他们的依赖与专业知识的认知行为技能技术的专业干预。相比之下，依靠录像带促进技能建设的干预措施为指导艾滋病毒预防干预措施的实施提供了一个负担得起且易于实施的机制。迄今为止，以录像带为基础的减少风险的技能建设方法只在男子中进行过测试，尚未得到独立推广。本申请要求四年的研究支持，以适应，实施和评估的艾滋病毒风险降低技能培训干预的有效性进行了录像带低收入的非洲裔美国人的男性和女性，努力提高视频为基础的技能培训的普遍性。400名符合高危行为标准的非洲裔美国男性（N=200）和女性（N=200）将被随机分配到两个实验条件之一：（1）基于认知行为原则的综合HIV风险降低干预，通过录像带提供，并由社区组织工作人员提供咨询和促进者技能技术方面的最低培训;或（2）时间和接触匹配的标准HIV教育仅控制条件。因此，本研究将使用2（干预）条件X2性别因素设计检验以下假设：（1）相对于对照组，HIV预防干预预期会导致HIV相关知识的增加、对HIV风险的敏感性和改变危险行为的意图;（2）艾滋病预防干预预期会导致自我-有效减少行为，并提高与性伴侣沟通减少风险的有效性;（3）参与艾滋病预防干预的参与者预计将在无保护性交中经历更大的减少和更持久的行为改变，与对照组相比，性伴侣数量减少，避孕套的使用增加。如果通过录像带和社区辅导员提供技能指导被证明是成功的，我们将建立基于录像带的艾滋病毒预防干预的普遍性，作为非洲裔美国人男性和女性预防艾滋病毒的可行和具有成本效益的方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): AIDS Intervention Programs that are derived from social cognitive theory and based on cognitive-behavioral principles have demonstrated the greatest promise in changing HIV high-risk behaviors. Unfortunately, cognitive behavioral interventions have not been transferable to community-based organizations for cost effective implementation due to their dependence on professional interventionists with expertise in cognitive behavioral skills techniques. In contrast, interventions that rely on videotapes to facilitate skills building provide an affordable and easily implemented mechanism for guiding the delivery of HIV prevention interventions. To date, videotape-based skills building approach to risk reductions has only been tested with men and has not been independently replicated. This application requests four years of support of research to adapt, implement, and evaluate the efficacy of an HIV-risk reduction skills training intervention conducted with videotapes among low income African American men and women in an effort to increase the generalizability of video-based skills training. Four hundred African American men (N=200) and women (N=200) who meet high-risk behavior criteria will be randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: (1) A comprehensive HIV-risk reduction intervention based on cognitive behavioral principles delivered by videotape and facilitated by community organization staff with minimal training in counseling and facilitator skills techniques; or (2) A time- and contact- matched standard HIV education only control condition. The study will therefore use 2 (intervention) conditions X 2 gender factor designs to test the following hypotheses: (1) The HIV prevention intervention is expected to result in increased HIV-related knowledge, sensitization to HIV-risk, and intentions to change risk behaviors relative to the control group; (2) The HIV prevention interventionism expected to result in increased self-efficacy for reducing behaviors and increased effectiveness in communicating ways to reduce risk with sexual partners; (3) Participants in the HIV prevention intervention are expected to experience significantly greater reductions and longer-lasting maintenance of behavior change in unprotected sexual intercourse, decreased numbers of sexual partners, and increased use of condoms relative to the control group. If the delivery of skills instruction via videotape and community facilitators proves successful, we will have established the generalizability of videotape-based HIV prevention intervention as a feasible and cost effective method of HIV prevention among African American men and women.