The Nigerian Uniformed Services AIDS Project

尼日利亚军警艾滋病项目

• 批准号: 7192496
• 负责人: EKERE JAMES ESSIEN
• 金额: $ 23.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-24 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7192496
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; African; Behavior; Behavioral; Caring; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Coitus; Communities; Condition; Control Groups; Counseling; Country; Dependence; Economics; Education; Educational Intervention; Effectiveness; Focus Groups; Gender; HIV; HIV Infections; High Prevalence; Home environment; Instruction; Intelligence; International; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Laboratory culture; Maintenance; Mediation; Methods; Military Personnel; Modeling; Motivation; Nigeria; Numbers; Other Resources; Participant; Phase; Play; Prevalence; Prevention education; Prevention intervention; Procedures; Rate; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Request for Applications; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Role; Security; Self Efficacy; Services; Sexual Partners; Site; Standards of Weights and Measures; Support of Research; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Training Technics; United Nations; United States; Upper arm; Videotape; Woman; base; behavior change; condoms; cost effective; design; experience; high risk behavior; intervention program; men; pandemic disease; prevent; programs; response; service intervention; sex; skills; skills training; social; social cognitive theory; sound; theories; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revision of an application (1 RO1 MH073361-01) reviewed in March 2004.The HIV/AIDS pandemic is having a devastating impact on the Nigerian Armed Forces. A recent United States Intelligence Council Report estimated an HIV/AIDS prevalence rate of 10-20% among the armed forces of Nigeria. As the largest and one of the most significant countries in the African continent, Nigerian security forces play a major role as peacekeepers both within the region and for the United Nations. The United Nations has noted that peacekeepers are magnets for sex workers and that peacekeepers not only bring new strains of HIV home but also introduce them to the countries where they are deployed. To date, only a limited number of studies have tested the efficacy of theory based HIV prevention interventions among the armed forces of Nigeria. Although HIV/AIDS intervention programs that are derived from social cognitive theory and based on cognitive-behavioral principles have demonstrated promise in changing HIV high-risk behaviors, most of the cognitive behavioral interventions tested to date have relied on professional interventionists with expertise in cognitive behavioral skills techniques, making them difficult to transfer to resource poor countries and geographically mobile groups such as Nigerian peacekeepers. This application requests three years of support of research to adapt, implement, and evaluate the efficacy of an HIV-risk reduction skills training intervention conducted with videotapes and facilitated by enlisted men with minimal training in counseling and facilitator skills techniques in an effort to increase the generalizability of video-based skills training as a feasible and cost effective method of HIV prevention in a military establishment. Four hundred enlisted men (N=200) and women (N=200) who meet high-risk behavior criteria will be assigned to one of two experimental conditions: (1) A comprehensive HIV-risk reduction intervention based on cognitive behavioral principles delivered by videotape and facilitated by enlisted men with minimal training in counseling and facilitator skills techniques; or (2) A time- and contact- matched standard HIV education only control condition. The study will therefore use 2 (intervention) conditions X 2 gender factor designs to test the following hypotheses: (1) The HIV prevention intervention is expected to result in increased HIV-related knowledge, sensitization to HIV-risk, and intentions to change risk behaviors relative to the control group; (2) The HIV prevention intervention is expected to result in increased self-efficacy for reducing behaviors and increased effectiveness in communicating ways to reduce risk with sexual partners; (3) Participants in the HIV prevention intervention are expected to experience significantly greater reductions and longer-lasting maintenance of behavioral change in unprotected sexual intercourse, decreased numbers of sexual partners, and increased use of condoms relative to the control group. If the delivery of skills instruction via videotape and military facilitators proves successful, we would have established the generalizability of videotape-based HIV prevention intervention as a feasible and cost effective method of HIV prevention among enlisted men and women in the Nigerian army. The intervention may also have applicability to military establishments in other resource poor countries with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是2004年3月审核的申请（1 RO1 MH073361-01）的修订。艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病对尼日利亚武装部队造成了毁灭性的影响。美国情报委员会最近的一份报告估计，尼日利亚武装部队的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率为10-20%。作为非洲大陆上最大和最重要的国家之一，尼日利亚安全部队在该地区和联合国的维和部队中发挥着重要作用。联合国注意到，维和人员对性工作者具有吸引力，维和人员不仅将新的艾滋病毒带回国内，而且还将其介绍给他们所部署的国家。迄今为止，只有数量有限的研究在尼日利亚武装部队中检验了基于理论的艾滋病毒预防干预措施的功效。尽管源于社会认知理论和基于认知行为原则的艾滋病毒/艾滋病干预计划在改变艾滋病毒高风险行为方面表现出了希望，但迄今为止测试的大多数认知行为干预都依赖于具有认知行为技能技术专长的专业干预主义者，这使得它们很难转移到资源贫乏的国家和地理上流动的群体，如尼日利亚维和人员。这项申请需要三年的研究支持，以适应、实施和评估艾滋病毒风险降低技能培训干预措施的效果，该干预措施通过录像带进行，并由接受咨询和调解人技能技术最低限度培训的士兵提供帮助，以努力提高基于视频的技能培训的普遍性，使其成为军事机构预防艾滋病毒的一种可行且经济有效的方法。400名符合高危行为标准的男性（N=200）和女性（N=200）将被分配到以下两种实验条件中的一种：(1)基于认知行为原则的综合艾滋病毒风险降低干预，通过录像带进行，由接受过最低咨询和调解人技能培训的男性士兵进行指导；(2)时间和接触匹配的标准HIV教育对照条件。因此，本研究将使用2个（干预）条件x2个性别因素设计来检验以下假设：(1)相对于对照组，艾滋病毒预防干预有望导致艾滋病毒相关知识的增加，对艾滋病毒风险的敏感性和改变危险行为的意愿；(2)艾滋病毒预防干预有望提高减少行为的自我效能感和提高与性伴侣沟通方式的有效性；(3)与对照组相比，艾滋病毒预防干预组的参与者在无保护性交、性伴侣数量减少和避孕套使用增加方面的行为改变明显更大、更持久。如果通过录像带和军事辅导员提供的技能指导取得成功，我们将确立以录像带为基础的艾滋病毒预防干预的普及性，使其成为尼日利亚军队中男女士兵预防艾滋病毒的一种可行且经济有效的方法。这项干预措施也可适用于艾滋病毒/艾滋病高发的其他资源贫乏国家的军事机构。