The Nigerian Uniformed Services AIDS Project.

尼日利亚军警艾滋病项目。

• 批准号: 7036491
• 负责人: EKERE JAMES ESSIEN
• 金额: $ 24.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-24 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7036491
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; Africa; African; HIV infections; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognitive behavior therapy; communication behavior; community; condoms; data collection; gender difference; health service demonstration project; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; human therapy evaluation; international cooperation; interview; military personnel; patient oriented research; residential mobility; sex partner; social perception; videotape /videodisc

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revision of an application (1 RO1 MH073361-01) reviewed in March 2004.The HIV/AIDS pandemic is having a devastating impact on the Nigerian Armed Forces. A recent United States Intelligence Council Report estimated an HIV/AIDS prevalence rate of 10-20% among the armed forces of Nigeria. As the largest and one of the most significant countries in the African continent, Nigerian security forces play a major role as peacekeepers both within the region and for the United Nations. The United Nations has noted that peacekeepers are magnets for sex workers and that peacekeepers not only bring new strains of HIV home but also introduce them to the countries where they are deployed. To date, only a limited number of studies have tested the efficacy of theory based HIV prevention interventions among the armed forces of Nigeria. Although HIV/AIDS intervention programs that are derived from social cognitive theory and based on cognitive-behavioral principles have demonstrated promise in changing HIV high-risk behaviors, most of the cognitive behavioral interventions tested to date have relied on professional interventionists with expertise in cognitive behavioral skills techniques, making them difficult to transfer to resource poor countries and geographically mobile groups such as Nigerian peacekeepers. This application requests three years of support of research to adapt, implement, and evaluate the efficacy of an HIV-risk reduction skills training intervention conducted with videotapes and facilitated by enlisted men with minimal training in counseling and facilitator skills techniques in an effort to increase the generalizability of video-based skills training as a feasible and cost effective method of HIV prevention in a military establishment. Four hundred enlisted men (N=200) and women (N=200) who meet high-risk behavior criteria will be assigned to one of two experimental conditions: (1) A comprehensive HIV-risk reduction intervention based on cognitive behavioral principles delivered by videotape and facilitated by enlisted men with minimal training in counseling and facilitator skills techniques; or (2) A time- and contact- matched standard HIV education only control condition. The study will therefore use 2 (intervention) conditions X 2 gender factor designs to test the following hypotheses: (1) The HIV prevention intervention is expected to result in increased HIV-related knowledge, sensitization to HIV-risk, and intentions to change risk behaviors relative to the control group; (2) The HIV prevention intervention is expected to result in increased self-efficacy for reducing behaviors and increased effectiveness in communicating ways to reduce risk with sexual partners; (3) Participants in the HIV prevention intervention are expected to experience significantly greater reductions and longer-lasting maintenance of behavioral change in unprotected sexual intercourse, decreased numbers of sexual partners, and increased use of condoms relative to the control group. If the delivery of skills instruction via videotape and military facilitators proves successful, we would have established the generalizability of videotape-based HIV prevention intervention as a feasible and cost effective method of HIV prevention among enlisted men and women in the Nigerian army. The intervention may also have applicability to military establishments in other resource poor countries with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是对2004年3月审查的申请（1 RO 1 MH 073361 -01）的修订。艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病对尼日利亚武装部队产生了毁灭性的影响。美国情报理事会最近的一份报告估计，尼日利亚武装部队中的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率为10-20%。作为非洲大陆最大和最重要的国家之一，尼日利亚安全部队在该区域和为联合国发挥着重要的维和作用。联合国指出，维和人员是吸引性工作者的磁铁，维和人员不仅将新的艾滋病毒菌株带回家，而且还将其介绍给他们部署的国家。迄今为止，只有数量有限的研究在尼日利亚武装部队中检验了基于理论的艾滋病毒预防干预措施的效力。虽然来自社会认知理论和认知行为原则的艾滋病毒/艾滋病干预方案已被证明有希望改变艾滋病毒高危行为，迄今为止测试的大多数认知行为干预措施都依赖于具有认知行为技能技术专业知识的专业干预人员，使其难以转移到资源贫乏的国家和地理上移动的群体，如尼日利亚维和人员。本申请要求三年的研究支持，以适应，实施和评估的艾滋病毒风险降低技能培训干预与录像带进行的有效性，并促进了最低限度的培训，在咨询和辅导员技能的技术，努力提高基于视频的技能培训作为一种可行的和具有成本效益的方法，在军事机构艾滋病毒预防的普遍性入伍男子。400名符合高危行为标准的男性（N=200）和女性（N=200）将被分配到两个实验条件之一：（1）基于认知行为原则的综合艾滋病风险降低干预，通过录像带提供，由接受过最低限度咨询和促进者技能技术培训的男性促进;或（2）时间和接触匹配的标准HIV教育仅控制条件。因此，本研究将使用2（干预）条件X2性别因素设计检验以下假设：（1）相对于对照组，HIV预防干预预期会导致HIV相关知识的增加、对HIV风险的敏感性和改变危险行为的意图;（2）艾滋病毒预防干预预计将提高减少行为的自我效能，并提高与性伴侣沟通减少风险方法的有效性;（3）与对照组相比，参与艾滋病预防干预的受试者预期在无保护性交行为改变、性伴侣数量减少和安全套使用增加方面会有更大的减少和更持久的维持。如果通过录像带和军事辅导员提供技能指导被证明是成功的，我们将建立基于录像带的艾滋病毒预防干预的普遍性，作为尼日利亚军队中男女士兵预防艾滋病毒的可行和具有成本效益的方法。这种干预措施也可能适用于艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行率高的其他资源贫乏国家的军事机构。