Basal Ganglia and 5-HT in Ritualistic Social Displays

描述（由申请人提供）：社交/领土的仪式性展示 地位是种内相互作用的重要调节器， 对个人和群体都是竞争的。这种仪式性的行为 在大范围的陆地脊椎动物（动物）中有相似的形式。当 大脑机制调解他们在人的功能障碍，结果可能是肯定的 精神病理学，如强迫症的特征 精神障碍（OCD），图雷特氏症（GTS），社交恐惧症，以及一些情绪 紊乱 主要研究者和其他人进行的功能性神经影像学研究 提示皮质/边缘-基底神经节-丘脑（=BG）系统介导 强迫症和相关抑郁症的症状。对安诺利斯蜥蜴的研究表明 一般背外侧（DL）与腹内侧（VM）BG系统 分别介导一般的主导与顺从的社会表现。这 研究还表明，血清素（5-HT）在确定 在给定的语境中，支配行为或顺从行为是否得到表达， 强烈表明Anolis 5-HTIB受体决定了不同的5-HT 与支配行为和顺从行为有关的流量。我们在人类和蜥蜴身上的发现 共同导致了一个论点，即BG系统被组织为 交叉抑制DL与VM子系统，它们相互作用，使行为偏向 一般支配与顺从的行为惯例。当DL/VM BQ子系统 人类的相互作用功能障碍，结果可能是固定的， 情境不适当的行为，如强迫症/抑郁症（顺从/ 这就是人类PET的发现。相反，侵略性国家 具有支配行为的刻板表现（例如，躁狂症，QTS），可能有 BG系统功能障碍。 因此，更全面地了解BQ系统如何相互作用，并受到 5-HT的功能是介导社会/领土显示行为， 合适的、易于操作的模型系统具有价值。通过使用 药理学挑战，体内功能性放射自显影和原位 杂交，我们建议阐明接近BG机制， 雄性阿诺利斯蜥蜴被引导以显示主导与从属 社会/领土行为惯例，以及这些行为及其 作为一个中间的大脑功能在这些状态的两极之间切换， 社会/冲突经验的结果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Ritualistic displays of social/territorial status are important regulators of intra-species interactions, reducing costs of competition for both individuals, and the group. Such ritualistic behaviors have similar forms across a wide range of land vertebrates (anmiotes). When the brain mechanisms mediating them dysfunction in man, the result may be certain psychopathologies, such as those characteristic of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), Tourette's disorder (GTS), social phobia, and some mood disorders. Functional neuroimaging studies by the Principal Investigator and others suggest that cortico/limbic-basal ganglionic-thalamic (=BG) systems mediate symptoms seen in OCD and related depressions. Work with Anolis lizards suggest that amniote- generic dorsolateral (DL) vs. ventro-medial (VM) BG systems mediate generic dominant vs. submissive social displays, respectively. This work has also demonstrated an acute role for serotomn (5-HT) in determining whether dominant or submissive behaviors are expressed in a given context, and strongly suggest that Anolis 5-HTIB receptors determines the differential 5-HT flux related to dominant vs. submissive behavior. Our human and lizard findings together have lead to a thesis that BG systems are organized as cross-inhibitory DL vs. VM subsystems that interact to bias behavior toward generic dominant vs. submissive behavioral routines. When DL/VM BQ subsystem interactions dysfunction in humans, the result may be fixed, context-inappropriate behaviors, as seen in OCD/depressions (submissive/ defeat), thus explaining the human PET findings. Conversely, aggressive states with stereotypic displays of dominance behavior (e.g., mania ,QTS), might have reciprocal BG system dysfunctions. Thus, a fuller understanding of how BQ systems interact and are regulated by 5-HT functions to mediate social/territorial display behaviors in an appropriate, easily manipulated model system is of value. By using pharmacological challenges, in vivo functional autoradiography, and in situ hybridization, we propose to elucidate the proximate BG mechanisms by which male Anolis lizards are vectored to display dominant vs. subordinate social/territorial behavioral routines, and how these behaviors and their mediating brain functions are switched between these poles of status as a result of social/conflict experience.