Impulsivity and Neural Processing of Rewards

冲动和奖励的神经处理

• 批准号: 6932667
• 负责人: Laura E Martin
• 金额: $ 2.6万
• 依托单位: RICE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6932667
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; cingulate gyrus; clinical research; decision making; dopamine; evoked potentials; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; impulsive behavior; learning; memory; neuropsychology; neuroregulation; predoctoral investigator; reinforcer; tegmentum; university student; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Impulsivity, a personality characteristic of many psychiatric disorders including substance abuse, involves a preference for immediate rewards over delayed rewards and a disregard of long-term consequences. This application hypothesizes that dysregulation of the ventral tegmental (VTA) dopaminergic reward prediction system leads to a reward hypersensitivity in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) systems of stimulus evaluation and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) systems of behavior monitoring among highly impulsive subjects. The proposed experiments investigate reward sensitivity in stimulus evaluation and action monitoring utilizing the temporal resolution of ERPs and spatial resolution of fMRI. The experiments employ normal college students screened and separated into high and low impulsive groups, based on the Barrett Impulsivity Scale, participating in a modified flanker task with rewarding and punishing stimuli testing for reduced ACC activation to errors in impulsive subjects, in a passive S1/S2 paradigm testing for enhanced OFC activation to the prediction of reward in impulsive subjects, and an SI/S2 incentive flanker paradigm examining interactions between OFC and ACC in a reward-motivated decision task.

描述（由申请人提供）： 冲动性是许多精神疾病（包括药物滥用）的一种人格特征，它涉及对即时奖励的偏好，而不是延迟奖励，并且无视长期后果。本申请假设，腹侧被盖（VTA）多巴胺能奖励预测系统的失调导致奖励超敏反应的眶额皮质（OFC）系统的刺激评价和前扣带皮层（ACC）系统的行为监测之间的高度冲动的主题。本实验利用事件相关电位的时间分辨率和功能磁共振成像的空间分辨率研究了刺激评价和动作监测中的奖赏敏感性。实验采用Barrett冲动量表筛选出的高、低冲动组的大学生，分别进行了改良的奖励和惩罚性刺激侧翼任务测试，考察了冲动被试在错误时ACC激活的减少，在被动的S1/S2范式测试中，考察了冲动被试在奖励预测时OFC激活的增强，和一个SI/S2激励侧翼范式检查OFC和ACC之间的相互作用，在奖励动机的决策任务。