Interference effects in memory and sentence processing

记忆和句子处理的干扰效应

• 批准号: 6886674
• 负责人: Julie A Van Dyke
• 金额: $ 4.73万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-01-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6886674
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cues; human subject; neural information processing; perceptual maskings; postdoctoral investigator; psychomotor reaction time; semantics; short term memory

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Measures of reaction time confound effects of item strength with the speed of accessing that item. The speed accuracy tradeoff (SAT) procedure can be used to disambiguate these factors by providing a full characterization of response accuracy as information accrues during retrieval. The current proposal would support training in the application of this method to study the effects of pre-experimental semantic similarity on retrieval from short term memory (STM) and in sentence processing. Previous work suggests that similarity among to-be-remembered items creates interference for retrieval of target items; however the time course of these effects has been sparsely studied in the STM domain and not at all in sentence processing. Two experiments attempt to address these issues with materials that permit comparison across domains, so that the effects can be assessed independently but also with an eye to understanding common mechanisms underlying both processes. This will provide evidence for evaluating claims regarding the extent to which cue-based retrieval mechanisms are responsible for parsing failure in the domain of sentence processing, and whether the interference observed there resembles interference effects in STM more broadly.

描述（由申请人提供）：反应时间的测量混淆了物品强度与访问该物品的速度的影响。速度精度权衡（SAT）的程序可以用来消除这些因素的歧义，提供一个完整的表征响应精度的信息积累在检索过程中。目前的建议将支持培训应用这种方法来研究实验前的语义相似性检索从短期记忆（STM）和句子处理的影响。以前的工作表明，要记住的项目之间的相似性创建干扰检索的目标项目，但这些影响的时间过程中已经稀疏研究STM域，而不是在所有的句子处理。两个实验试图使用允许跨领域比较的材料来解决这些问题，以便可以独立评估效果，但也要着眼于理解这两个过程的共同机制。这将提供证据，以评估索赔的程度上，基于线索的检索机制负责在句子处理领域的解析失败，以及是否观察到的干扰有类似的干扰效果STM更广泛。