Genome evolution of a pandemic lineage of the wheat blast pathogen

小麦瘟病病原体大流行谱系的基因组进化

• 批准号: 2585106
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of East Anglia
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2585106
• 关键词: Genome; evolution; pandemic; lineage; wheat

The fungus Magnaporthe (Syn. Pyricularia) oryzae - the causal agent of blast disease of cereals - is among the most destructive plant pathogens to world agriculture and a major threat to the production of rice, wheat, and other cereal crops. Wheat blast was first identified in Brazil in 1985 and is now established throughout South America. In February 2016, wheat blast was first reported in the South Asian country of Bangladesh, where it caused yield losses of up to 90% and has since established itself as a major threat to food security in the region.The Bangladesh population appears to originate from the introduction of a single clonal lineage of the fungus from South America, and this lineage has since spread throughout the country. This project will determine the genetic variation of the Bangladesh clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus based on field isolates collected since 2016 and will compare the genetic makeup of this population to its South American progenitors. The project will then develop and experimentally challenge hypotheses about the impact of the observed natural variation on the virulence potential of the pathogen and will combine computational analyses of genome sequences with mechanistic follow-up experiments.

真菌Magnaporthe（Syn.稻瘟病菌（Pyricularia）是引起谷物稻瘟病的病原菌，是世界农业上最具破坏性的植物病原菌之一，对水稻、小麦和其他谷类作物的生产构成了重大威胁。1985年在巴西首次发现小麦稻瘟病，现在在整个南美洲都有发现。2016年2月，南亚国家孟加拉国首次报道了小麦稻瘟病，导致产量损失高达90%，并已成为该地区粮食安全的主要威胁。孟加拉国的人口似乎起源于从南美洲引进的单一克隆真菌谱系，该谱系此后在全国范围内传播。该项目将根据自2016年以来收集的田间分离物确定小麦瘟菌孟加拉克隆谱系的遗传变异，并将该种群的遗传组成与其南美祖先进行比较。然后，该项目将发展和实验性地挑战关于观察到的自然变异对病原体毒力潜力的影响的假设，并将联合收割机基因组序列的计算分析与机械后续实验相结合。