Manipulation of chloroplast density to enhance photosynthesis and nutritional value of tomato.

该项目的总体目标是操纵叶绿体发育和密度，以生产具有更高色素含量、增强光合性能、增加产量和更快发育性能（即早期收获）的番茄植物。我们还将确定质体数量在水果有机化合物螯合，营养和采后质量，碳分配和“货架期”中的作用。 叶绿体是真核生物重要的细胞器，其具有对能量产生重要的必需代谢途径。转基因烟草植物操作有较高数量的叶绿体也有较高的光合色素含量，并表现出超过2倍的光合作用速率，相比野生型，这表明光合碳固定和色素含量的改善，可以通过改变叶绿体/质体密度。 目的1利用农杆菌介导的转基因技术，通过改变番茄光合组织和果实（质体）中叶绿体发育、分裂和密度的目标酶和蛋白质的组合，获得各种转基因番茄植株。 目的2鉴定光合性能提高的植物，并在反映全球气候变化预期的环境条件下评估所选品系，以鉴定对环境波动具有高适应性的植物。 目的3识别果实品质和大小、风味/香气和营养成分的变化。 成功的候选人将在NIAB EMR工作，并本着帮助同事的精神在科学团队中友好的气氛中工作。你将加入一个由38名博士生组成的团队，在肯特中心的202公顷土地上。这项研究将得到NIAB EMR不断增长的设施的支持，这些设施将作为UKRI的一部分，在2020年向NIAB EMR提供1800万英镑的地方补助金。我们可以为新学生和工作人员提供长达一年的现场住宿。

The overall aim of this project is to manipulate chloroplast development and density to produce tomato plants with higher pigment content, enhanced photosynthetic performance, increased yield, and faster developmental performance (i.e. early harvest). We will also determine the role of plastid number in fruit organic compound sequestration, nutritional and postharvest quality, carbon partitioning and 'shelf-life'. Chloroplasts are vital eukaryotic organelles that harbour essential metabolic pathways important to energy production. Transgenic tobacco plants manipulated to have higher numbers of chloroplasts also had higher photosynthetic pigment content and exhibited more than 2-fold higher rates of photosynthesis, compared to wild-type suggesting that improvements in photosynthetic carbon fixation and pigment content may be achieved by altering chloroplast/plastid density. The project has the following objectives: Obj1 Use Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to produce a variety of transgenic tomato plants with altered combinations of enzymes and proteins identified as targets for the manipulation of chloroplast development, division and density in the photosynthetic tissue and fruit (chromoplast) of tomato. Obj2 Identify plants with increased photosynthetic performance and evaluate selected lines under environmental conditions mirroring those expected from global climate change to identify plants with high resilience to environmental fluctuations. Obj3 Identify changes in fruit quality and size, flavour/aroma and nutritional components. The successful candidate will be based at NIAB EMR and work in a friendly atmosphere within the science teams with a spirit of helping colleagues. You will join a cohort of 38 PhD students on a site with 202 ha in the heart of Kent. This study would be supported by the growing facilities at NIAB EMR, which are being upgraded as part of the UKRI by an £18M Strength in Places Grant awarded to NIAB EMR in 2020. We can provide onsite accommodation for up to a year for new students and staff.