Manipulation of chloroplast density to enhance photosynthesis and nutritional value of tomato.

操纵叶绿体密度以增强番茄的光合作用和营养价值。

• 批准号: 2597259
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2597259
• 关键词: Manipulation; chloroplast; density; enhance; photosynthesis

The overall aim of this project is to manipulate chloroplast development and density to produce tomato plants with higher pigment content, enhanced photosynthetic performance, increased yield, and faster developmental performance (i.e. early harvest). We will also determine the role of plastid number in fruit organic compound sequestration, nutritional and postharvest quality, carbon partitioning and 'shelf-life'. Chloroplasts are vital eukaryotic organelles that harbour essential metabolic pathways important to energy production. Transgenic tobacco plants manipulated to have higher numbers of chloroplasts also had higher photosynthetic pigment content and exhibited more than 2-fold higher rates of photosynthesis, compared to wild-type suggesting that improvements in photosynthetic carbon fixation and pigment content may be achieved by altering chloroplast/plastid density. The project has the following objectives: Obj1 Use Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to produce a variety of transgenic tomato plants with altered combinations of enzymes and proteins identified as targets for the manipulation of chloroplast development, division and density in the photosynthetic tissue and fruit (chromoplast) of tomato. Obj2 Identify plants with increased photosynthetic performance and evaluate selected lines under environmental conditions mirroring those expected from global climate change to identify plants with high resilience to environmental fluctuations. Obj3 Identify changes in fruit quality and size, flavour/aroma and nutritional components. The successful candidate will be based at NIAB EMR and work in a friendly atmosphere within the science teams with a spirit of helping colleagues. You will join a cohort of 38 PhD students on a site with 202 ha in the heart of Kent. This study would be supported by the growing facilities at NIAB EMR, which are being upgraded as part of the UKRI by an £18M Strength in Places Grant awarded to NIAB EMR in 2020. We can provide onsite accommodation for up to a year for new students and staff.

该项目的总体目标是控制叶绿体的发育和密度，以培育出色素含量更高、光合作用更强、产量更高、发育更快的番茄植株(即早期收获)。我们还将确定叶绿体数量在水果有机化合物封存、营养和采后品质、碳分配和‘货架期’中的作用。叶绿体是真核生物的重要细胞器，含有对能量生产至关重要的重要代谢途径。与野生型相比，转基因烟草植株具有更高的光合色素含量和2倍以上的光合作用速率，这表明可以通过改变叶绿体/叶绿体密度来改善光合作用的固碳和色素含量。该项目有以下目标：1利用农杆菌介导法获得各种转基因番茄植株，这些转基因植株的酶和蛋白质组合被确定为控制番茄光合作用组织和果实(有色体)叶绿体发育、分裂和密度的靶标。目标2确定光合作用表现增强的植物，并在反映全球气候变化预期的环境条件下评估选定的品系，以确定对环境波动具有高度适应能力的植物。目标3确定水果质量和大小、风味/香气和营养成分的变化。成功的候选人将在NIAB EMR工作，并在科学团队内友好的气氛中工作，并具有帮助同事的精神。你将加入一个由38名博士生组成的队列，在肯特郡中心202公顷的土地上学习。这项研究将得到NIAB EMR不断增长的设施的支持，这些设施正在升级为UKRI的一部分，2020年授予NIAB EMR的地方赠款为1800万GB。我们可以为新生和工作人员提供长达一年的现场住宿。