Long-term evolution of plutonium waste-form candidates, with focus on radiation effects on dissolution behaviour.

钚废物候选形式的长期演变，重点关注辐射对溶解行为的影响。

• 批准号: 2597992
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2597992
• 关键词: Long; term; evolution; plutonium; waste

Zirconolite ceramic and disposal MOX wasteforms pose a challenge to standard dissolution test protocols given their extremely low solubility. Hence, there is a need to develop methodologies to adequately test ceramic wasteform durability, for the purpose of comparison, as well as to develop a robust data set to demonstrate an adequate mechanistic understanding of product performance, and to quantitatively determine dissolution rates. In this context, there remain important but unresolved philosophical questions, such as: whether the radiation damage-induced crystalline to amorphous phase transition (or in the case of MOX, induction of oxygen vacancy defects) results in enhanced dissolution rates; whether neutron poisons are released at the same rate as U/Pu(Ce/Th) and; how alpha radiolysis of water influences the corrosion of U/Pu in zirconolite ceramic and disposal MOX wasteforms. There is an appreciation that development and optimisation of test methodologies should also look ahead to deployment against Pu prototype wasteforms within a glove box environment, and for applicability to disposal-MOX formulations. This PhD project will explore these aspects of plutonium waste form candidate ceramic dissolution, with emphasis on the role of radiation.

锆石陶瓷和废弃MOX废物由于其极低的溶解度，对标准溶解测试方案构成挑战。因此，有必要开发方法来充分测试陶瓷废物耐久性，以便进行比较，并开发一个可靠的数据集，以证明对产品性能的充分机理理解，并定量确定溶解率。在这种情况下，仍然存在一些重要但尚未解决的哲学问题，例如：辐射损伤诱导的晶体到非晶态相变（或在MOX的情况下，诱导氧空位缺陷）是否导致溶解速率提高；中子毒物是否以与U/Pu（Ce/Th）相同的速率释放；水的α -辐射分解如何影响锆石陶瓷中U/Pu的腐蚀和处理MOX废物。有一种认识是，测试方法的开发和优化也应该着眼于在手套箱环境中针对Pu原型废物形式的部署，以及对处置型mox配方的适用性。这个博士项目将探索钚废料形成候选陶瓷溶解的这些方面，重点是辐射的作用。