Emotions, Race, Gender and Crusading in Fifteenth-Century Burgundian Prose Epics and Chronicles

十五世纪勃艮第散文史诗和编年史中的情感、种族、性别和十字军东征

• 批准号: 2598262
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2598262
• 关键词: Emotions; Race; Gender; Crusading; Fifteenth

The crusade plans of Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy (r. 1419-1467) were central to his court's culture; they were a means of asserting the power of the ever-expanding state of Burgundy, which was a key centre of literary and artistic production in late-medieval Europe. Philip, himself born when his father was on crusade in Nicopolis in 1396, was influenced by models of ethical and political conduct in lavishly illustrated prose reworkings (updated versions) of earlier verse epics and romances. Unlike in earlier centuries, women no longer participated in crusades, yet, paradoxically, crusading in this later period was often more inspired by "courtly love" than religious fervour: at the Banquet of the Pheasant of 1454, men publicly took crusading oaths in front of women, in response to a female personification of the Holy Church threatened by a "Saracen", signifying Constantinople which had just fallen to the Ottoman Turks.While some prose romances and chronicles have recently been readdressed by scholars, later prose epics remain neglected concerning text/image relations and emotions. In recent years, medievalists have paid more attention to the History of Emotions, but it has yet to be applied fully to Burgundy, especially in terms of chivalric masculinity. Studies of crusading sources employing critical race theory are only just emerging and, while literary scholars have addressed race, religion, and gender in several earlier French verse epics, an intersectional study covering later prose reworkings of epic material is long overdue.The thesis will address the following issues:How crusader emotions are depicted in text and image in illuminated manuscripts;How text and image depict emotional attitudes to gender or race and how they would have been interpreted in their historical context;How literary or artistic traditions and crusading influenced depictions of emotion in relation to race and gender identities;How evolving ideals of chivalric masculinity and crusader motivation appear in sources containing historical models for crusading or cross-cultural relations.The study will, therefore, analyse depictions of emotions concerning Muslim and Burgundian "racial-religious" and gender identities at the court of Philip the Good through selected manuscripts of three neglected prose epics and an epic-based prose chronicle:The anonymous Fierabras, ante 1410; Belle Hélène de Constantinople, 1448; Renaut de Montauban, ante 1462; Croniques et Conquestes de Charlemaine, 1458. The thesis will draw on modern gender and critical race theory in order to analyse how crusading emotions (e.g. pride, fear, anger, and hatred etc.) are represented through facial expressions, clothing and settings in images, how emotions are expressed in written terminology, and how performative emotional displays intertwine with crusader spirituality. It will also analyse how far Barbara Rosenwein's influential concept of emotional communities applies to the sources. It will employ Rosenwein's method of quantitative analysis of emotion terms, studying their gendered and "racialised" distribution in order to compare the texts under study. These data will be nuanced and contextualised by close literary analysis of the texts and examination of the etymologies of Middle French emotion terms. Furthermore, the thesis will consider the influence of earlier verse epics and chronicles on fifteenth-century Burgundian writers and audiences, examining how depictions of emotions vary between gender and "racial-religious" identities and how these depictions feed into the construction of performative, emotional crusading ideologies.This project will make an original contribution to the fields of medieval French literature, the History of Emotions, art history, and gender and critical race studies by examining manuscripts almost entirely neglected by critics and thus providing new insight into life at the court of Philip the Good.

勃艮第的好杜克菲利普的十字军东征计划（r. 1419年至1467年）是他的宫廷文化的核心;它们是维护不断扩张的勃艮第国家权力的一种手段，勃艮第是中世纪晚期欧洲文学和艺术创作的关键中心。菲利普出生于1396年，当时他的父亲正在尼加拉瓜参加十字军东征，他受到了早期诗歌史诗和传奇故事的道德和政治行为模式的影响，这些模式对早期诗歌史诗和传奇故事进行了大量的散文改编（更新版本）。与前几个世纪不同的是，妇女不再参加十字军东征，然而，矛盾的是，在这个后期的十字军东征往往更多地受到“宫廷之爱”的鼓舞，而不是宗教热情：在1454年的野鸡宴会上，男人们在女人面前公开宣誓加入十字军，以回应一个被“撒拉逊人”威胁的神圣教会的女性化身，虽然一些散文传奇和编年史最近被学者重新讨论，但后来的散文史诗仍然忽视了文本/图像关系和情感。近年来，中世纪学者对《情感史》的研究更加重视，但还没有将其完全应用于勃艮第，尤其是在骑士阳刚之气方面。运用批判性种族理论对十字军起源的研究才刚刚兴起，虽然文学学者已经在几部早期的法国诗歌史诗中讨论了种族、宗教和性别问题，但一项涵盖后来对史诗材料的散文改写的交叉研究却姗姗来迟。文本和图像如何描绘对性别或种族的情感态度，以及它们在历史背景下如何被解释;文学或艺术传统和十字军东征如何影响与种族和性别身份有关的情感的解释;骑士男子气概和十字军动机的演变理想如何出现在包含十字军或跨文化关系的历史模型的来源中。因此，分析有关穆斯林和勃艮第人“种族-宗教”的情感冲突通过三部被忽视的散文史诗和一部以史诗为基础的散文编年史的精选手稿，探讨了菲利普的宫廷和性别认同：匿名的Fierabras，1410年前;贝儿Hélène de Constantinople，1448; Renaut de蒙托班，ante 1462; Croniques et Conquestes de Charlemaine，1458。本文将借鉴现代性别和种族批判理论，分析十字军的情绪（如骄傲，恐惧，愤怒和仇恨等）是如何在性别和种族之间形成的。通过面部表情，服装和图像中的设置来表示，情感如何在书面术语中表达，以及表演性情感显示如何与十字军精神交织在一起。它还将分析芭芭拉罗森韦恩的情感社区的影响力的概念适用于源。它将采用Rosenwein的情感术语的定量分析方法，研究它们的性别和“种族化”分布，以比较研究中的文本。这些数据将通过对文本的密切文学分析和对中世纪法语情感术语的词源学的检查来进行细致入微的分析和语境化。此外，论文将考虑早期诗歌史诗和编年史对15世纪勃艮第作家和观众的影响，研究如何在性别和“种族-宗教”身份之间改变情感的冲突，以及这些冲突如何融入表演，情感十字军意识形态的建设。这个项目将对中世纪法国文学，情感史，艺术史，和性别和关键的种族研究，通过检查手稿几乎完全被忽视的评论家，从而提供了新的见解生活在法院的菲利普好。