Refugee Narratives: World University Service's Ethiopian and Eritrean Scholarship Programmes in the Light of Current Practice

西方国家认为自己正面临一场“难民危机”，在这场危机中，难民被视为放过受害者的机构，是东道国社会的风险和资源负担（Angouri et al, 2018）。难民的经历通常被认为是静态的，难民是外部力量和法律框架的棋子。正如Malkki所指出的（1996:378），“人道主义做法往往使难民沉默”，使他们成为他人援助努力的被动接受者。难民研究也经常采用结构、政府或法律的重点，而忽略了个别难民本身的长期经历。该项目通过采用文化语言方法，结合对早期难民背景的严格历史研究，丰富了现有的工作，旨在解决这一差距，并为当今的最佳实践汲取经验教训。这个项目的重点是一个设在英国的项目，世界大学服务组织在埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚发生冲突后为这些国家提供培训奖学金（研究1970年代后半期到1990年代）。通过与ReConnect的合作，它旨在将这一历史视角与今天在英国的撒哈拉以南非洲难民的经历进行比较。这项研究将给难民一个发言权，分析他们融入东道国社会和文化的过程。具体来说，考虑到WUS项目的教育性质，再加上ReConnect的工作，该研究将研究跨文化意识和专业发展的定性价值，作为难民与东道国社会接触的一部分。

The West perceives itself to be confronting a 'refugee crisis' where refugees are viewed as victimslacking agency, as risks to the host society and as resource burdens (Angouri et al, 2018). Refugeeexperience is often construed as static, and the refugee the pawn of external forces and legalframeworks. As Malkki noted (1996: 378), 'humanitarian practices tend to silence refugees', renderingthem passive recipients of others' aid efforts. Refugee research also frequently adopts a structural,governmental, or legal focus which elides the long-term experiences of individual refugees themselves.This project enriches existing work by adopiting a cultural-linguistic approach that, allied to rigoroushistorical study of an earlier refugee context, seeks to address this gap and draw out lessons for bestpractice today.The project focuses on a UK-based programme, World University Service's training scholarships forEthiopians and Eritreans following conflict in these countries (examining the latter half of the 1970sthrough to the 1990s). Through collaboration with ReConnect, it aims to compare this historicalperspective to the experience of refugees from Sub-Saharan Africa in the UK today. The research willgive refugees a voice, analysing the process of their integration into the host society and culture.Specifically, given the educational character of the WUS programme, paralleled by ReConnect's work,3the research will study the qualitative value of intercultural awareness and professional developmentas part of refugees' engagement with a host society.