Effects of Stress on Behavior and Glucose in Type 1 DM

描述(申请人提供)：这项研究的目标是使用日常日记的方法将压力和社会互动与患有1型糖尿病的青少年(14-16岁)的情绪、自我护理行为和血糖水平联系起来。以前的研究依赖于压力的回溯性报告，而不是在线测量。88名青少年(44名男性，44名女性)将在两个单独的48小时内携带掌上电脑，这将促使他们在一天中每两个小时完成一份2分钟的问卷。问卷将评估情绪、压力、社交互动(冲突、社交障碍)和自我照顾行为。四个提示还将要求测试和记录血糖水平。青少年将佩戴Actical，这是一种加速度计，可以在同一天的评估中测量运动的频率、持续时间和强度。使用这种方法，我们可以将压力和社交互动的方方面面与情绪、特定的自我照顾行为和血糖随时联系起来。这项研究的第二个目标是检验个体差异变量是否会调节这些关系。我们将研究性别是否会影响这些关系，因为人际压力对女性的负面健康影响比男性更大。我们还将研究不加缓和的交流(关注他人而不是自我)是否会影响这些关系，因为关系压力源和自我照顾行为的社会障碍可能会更强烈地联系到处于不缓和交流中的人的负面结果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this research is to use daily diary methods to link stress and social interactions to mood, self-care behaviors, and blood glucose levels among adolescents (ages 14-16) with Type 1 diabetes. Previous research has relied on retrospective reports of stress rather than on-line measures. Eighty-eight adolescents (44 male, 44 female) will carry palm pilots for two separate 48-hour periods, which will prompt them every two hours during the day to complete a 2-minute questionnaire. The questionnaire will assess mood, stress, social interactions (conflict, social barriers), and self-care behaviors. Four prompts will also request that blood glucose levels are tested and recorded. Adolescents will wear the Actical, an accelerometer that measures frequency, duration, and intensity of movement during the same days of assessment. With this methodology, we can link stress and aspects of social interactions to mood, specific self-care behaviors, and blood glucose in a moment-to-moment fashion. A second goal of the study is to examine whether individual difference variables moderate these relations. We will examine whether sex influences these relations, as interpersonal stress is associated with more negative health consequences for females than males. We also will examine whether unmitigated communion (focus on others to exclusion of self) influences these relations, as relationship stressors and social barriers to self-care behavior may be more strongly tied to negative outcomes for people high in unmitigated communion.