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Meaning in Science, Evaluative Scientific Concepts, and the Fact-Value Separability of Mixed Social Science

科学意义、评价性科学概念以及混合社会科学的事实-价值可分离性

基本信息

批准号：
2607368
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Bristol
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2607368
关键词：
Meaning Science Evaluative Scientific Concepts

项目摘要

I am proposing to examine, in detail, Hilary Putnam's claim that the 'irreducibly evaluative' content of our evaluative concepts makes empiricalsocial scientific inquiries into those concepts 'fact-value inseparable.' In so doing I will develop a taxonomization of the different senses in whichscience can be 'fact-value inseparable.'To facilitate the clear development of this taxonomization I will develop an explicit theory of meaning, specifically for science, using normativeinferentialist semantics. I will also draw on the philosophical literature on the quantification of knowledge to develop formal models illustratinghow questions, and answers to them, can have 'degrees of irreducibly evaluative informational content.' These models will help to make precisewhat might otherwise seem to be vague and therefore unserious claims about fact-value separabillity.I will apply these ideas to a series of detailed case studies on the measurement of evaluative concepts from different ends of a spectrum ofevaluative informational content. In so doing, I will expect to partially vindicate, and crucially clarify, Putnam's argument.This analysis has the potential to (1) facilitate methodological reflection and adjustment which can help make empirical inquiries into evaluativeconcepts more transparent and useful, and (2) show how we can respond to claims which exaggerate the 'fact-value inseparability' of socialscience, in a way that potentially promotes undue scepticism about social science.

我建议详细研究希拉里·普特南的主张，即我们的评价概念的“不可还原的评价”内容使得对这些概念的实证社会科学调查“事实与价值密不可分”。在这样做的过程中，我将对不同意义上的科学进行分类，在这些意义上科学可以是“事实与价值不可分割的”。为了促进这种分类的清晰发展，我将使用规范推理主义语义学来开发一种明确的意义理论，特别是针对科学。我还将利用有关知识量化的哲学文献来开发正式模型，说明问题及其答案如何具有“一定程度的不可简化的评估性信息内容”。这些模型将有助于使那些看似模糊、因此不严肃的关于事实-价值可分离性的主张变得精确。我将把这些想法应用到一系列详细的案例研究中，这些案例研究来自评估信息内容范围不同端的评估概念的测量。通过这样做，我希望部分地证实并关键地澄清普特南的论点。这种分析有潜力（1）促进方法论反思和调整，这有助于使对评价概念的实证调查更加透明和有用，（2）展示我们如何回应夸大社会科学“事实与价值不可分离性”的主张，从而可能促进不适当的行为。对社会科学的怀疑。