'Traitors to the nation': Algerian Harkis between discourses of loyalty, belonging and lived experiences in the post-colonial context (1962-2023/4)

就像许多欧洲列强在许多殖民战争中所做的那样，法国军队在阿尔及利亚独立战争(1954-62)期间大规模招募阿尔及利亚人参加战斗。自1962年以来，这些人(“Harkis”)和他们的后代一直受到地中海两岸高度政治化的话语的影响。在法国，哈尔基人经常被视为忠诚者，但在1962年被法国政府抛弃。在阿尔及利亚，哈尔基人被描述为国家的叛徒。到目前为止，学术工作主要集中在后殖民时代的法国，尽管最近有一些学术尝试，但公众对Harkis的理解仍然停留在忠诚者和叛徒的二分法上。该项目特别关注后殖民时代的阿尔及利亚，既分析了关于哈基人的论述的政治、经济和社会功能，又超越了这些论述，揭示了哈基人及其家人在独立后的生活经历。太长时间以来，人们对哈尔基人的理解是，他们与法国(进而是阿尔及利亚新国家)的关系是独特的，而不是在更长期的家庭联系网络和地方和区域背景下，以及独立后各种(地理和社会)流动的动态。这个项目将梳理和分析决定哈尔基人和他们的家人如何以及为什么(或为什么不)在阿尔及利亚独立后找到自己位置的交叉因素。通过这样做，它将有助于加强关于战争“退出”和恢复和平(或勉强停战)的更广泛的文献，超越更熟悉的和平与和解进程框架。

As many European powers did in many colonial wars, the French army recruited Algerian men on amassive scale to fight in its ranks during the Algerian War of Independence (1954-62). Since 1962, thesemen ("harkis") and their descendants have been subject to highly politicised discourses on both sides ofthe Mediterranean. In France, harkis are often held up as loyalists, abandoned by the French state in1962. In Algeria, harkis are presented as traitors to the nation. Academic work thus far hasoverwhelmingly focused on post-colonial France, and despite some recent scholarly attempts, publicunderstanding of harkis remains locked in the loyalist/traitor dichotomy. Focusing specifically on postcolonialAlgeria, this project both analyses the political, economic and social functions of discoursesabout harkis, and steps beyond these discourses to uncover the lived experiences of harkis and theirfamilies after independence. For too long, harkis have been understood uniquely in terms of theirrelationship to France (and by extension, the new Algerian nation), and not within longer-standingnetworks of family ties and local and regional contexts, as well as the dynamics of mobility of all kinds(geographic, social) after independence. This project will tease out and analyse the intersecting factorswhich determined how and why (or why not) harkis and their families found their place in postindependenceAlgeria. In doing so, it will contribute to enhancing a wider literature on war "exits" andthe return to peace (or begrudging truces), beyond more familiar frameworks of peace and reconciliationprocesses.