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From interaction-free measurement to weak values - applications and issues from quantum foundations for quantum technologies

从无相互作用测量到弱值——量子技术的量子基础的应用和问题

基本信息

批准号：
2621342
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Bristol
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2621342
关键词：
interaction free measurement weak values

项目摘要

This PhD project involves investigating foundational areas in quantum physics (such as interaction-free measurement, weak values, and statistical independence violation), with a view to evaluating and leveraging the effects these novel phenomena/areas have for the development of quantum technologies. Thus it falls within EPSRC research themes in Quantum Technologies and Physics research area Quantum Optics and Information. The project initially focussed on counterfactual/interaction-free effects -both looking at philosophical/foundational issues [1,2], and potential practical applications [3,4,5]. While this research is still ongoing the scope has expanded onto the question of how we define the presence/path of a quantum particle. This covers philosophical aspects and interactions with an environment which could cause information leakage/decoherence. This naturally led into looking at weak values/measurement of path projection operators [6,7], as well as to what extent the wavefunction just represents our (incomplete) knowledge of a system, rather than really representing the way the world is [8,9]. From this, we have developed an external collaboration with Prof Tim Palmer FRS and Dr Sabine Hossenfelder, looking at extensions of quantum mechanics which allow us to regain Bell-locality by weakening statistical independence [10-13]. These interpretations - which could act as a path to unifying quantum mechanics with general relativity - also lead to different predictions to standard quantum mechanics on scales we are only now beginning to probe (e.g. using noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices), and could very much affect claims being made by the quantum community. The project contributes to the underpinning science of quantum technologies, adapting quantum foundational ideas into quantum technological applications (e.g. [3,4,5]), and evaluating current quantum technologies (e.g. quantum key distribution, quantum computing) in light of potential extensions of quantum mechanics.Current aims for the last year-and-a-half of the project are:- Developing a protocol for counterfactual polarimetry - Investigating how the violation of statistical independence allows us to treat the von Neumann equation as a Liouville equation (avoiding negative quasi-probabilities) - Investigating the effects of statistical independence violation in more depth on current/developing quantum technologies.[1] Salih, H., McCutcheon, W., Hance, J., & Rarity, J. (2018). arXiv:1806.01257.[2] Hance, J. R., Ladyman, J., & Rarity, J. (2021). Found Physics, 51, 1.[3] Salih, H., Hance, J. R., McCutcheon, W., Rudolph, T., & Rarity, J. (2021). New Journal of Physics, 23(1), 013004.[4] Salih, H., Hance, J. R., McCutcheon, W., Rudolph, T., & Rarity, J. (2020). arXiv:2009.05564.[5] Hance, J. R., & Rarity, J. (2021). Counterfactual ghost imaging. npj Quantum Information, 7(1), 1-7.[6] Hance, J., & Rarity, J. (2021). Optik, 167451.[7] Hance, J. R., Rarity, J., & Ladyman, J. (2021). arXiv:2109.14060.[8] Hance, J. R., Rarity, J., & Ladyman, J. (2021). arXiv:2101.06436.[9] Hance, J. R., & Hossenfelder, S. (2021). arXiv:2109.02676.[10] Hance, J. R., Hossenfelder, S., & Palmer, T. N. (2021). arXiv:2108.07292.[11] Hance, J. R., Hossenfelder, S., & Palmer, T. N. (2021). arXiv:2108.08144.[12] Hance, J. R., Palmer, T. N., & Rarity, J. (2021) arXiv:2102.07795.[13] Bracken, C., Hance, J.R., & Hossenfelder, S. (2021) arXiv:2111.09347.

该博士项目涉及研究量子物理的基础领域（如无相互作用测量、弱值和统计独立性违反），以评估和利用这些新现象/领域对量子技术发展的影响。因此，它属于EPSRC在量子技术和物理研究领域量子光学和信息的研究主题。该项目最初专注于反事实/无交互效应——既关注哲学/基础问题[1,2]，也关注潜在的实际应用[3,4,5]。虽然这项研究仍在进行中，但范围已经扩展到我们如何定义量子粒子的存在/路径的问题。这包括哲学方面和与可能导致信息泄漏/退相干的环境的交互。这自然导致我们关注路径投影算子的弱值/测量[6,7]，以及波函数在多大程度上只是代表我们对系统的（不完整的）知识，而不是真正代表世界的方式[8,9]。由此，我们与Tim Palmer FRS教授和Sabine Hossenfelder博士进行了外部合作，研究量子力学的扩展，使我们能够通过削弱统计独立性来恢复贝尔局部性[10-13]。这些解释——可以作为将量子力学与广义相对论统一起来的途径——也会在我们现在才开始探索的尺度上（例如，使用嘈杂的中尺度量子设备）对标准量子力学产生不同的预测，并可能极大地影响量子学界的说法。该项目有助于量子技术的基础科学，将量子基础思想应用于量子技术（例如[3,4,5]），并根据量子力学的潜在扩展评估当前的量子技术（例如量子密钥分发，量子计算）。该项目最后一年半的目标是：-制定反事实偏振法的协议-调查统计独立性的违反如何使我们能够将冯·诺伊曼方程视为Liouville方程（避免负准概率）-更深入地调查统计独立性违反对当前/正在开发的量子技术的影响Salih， H., McCutcheon， W., Hance， J., and rare， J.（2018）。arXiv: 1806.01257。[2]汉斯，J. R.，女士，J.，稀有，J.（2021）。物理学报，51 (1):481 - 481Salih， H., Hance， J. R., McCutcheon， W., Rudolph， T., & rare， J.（2021）。物理学报，23(1)，013004.链接本文Salih， H., Hance， J. R., McCutcheon， W., Rudolph， T., & rare， J.（2020）。arXiv: 2009.05564。[5]汉斯，J. R.，稀有，J.（2021）。反事实的鬼影成像。[j] .量子信息，7(1),1-7.Hance， J., & rare， J.（2021）。Optik 167451。[7]汉斯，J. R.，稀有，J.，和女士，J.（2021）。arXiv: 2109.14060。[8]汉斯，J. R.，稀有，J.，和女士，J.（2021）。arXiv: 2101.06436。[9]Hance， J. R.和Hossenfelder， S.（2021）。arXiv: 2109.02676。[10]汉斯，J. R.，霍森菲尔德，S.和帕尔默，T. N.（2021）。arXiv: 2108.07292。[11]汉斯，J. R.，霍森菲尔德，S.和帕尔默，T. N.（2021）。arXiv: 2108.08144。[12]Hance， J. R., Palmer， T. N.， &珍稀，J.（2021）地球物理学报，vol . 14:2102.07795.[j]陈建军，陈建军，陈建军，等。[j] .中国机械工程学报，2014,31(2):447 - 447。