The Relational Self

描述（由申请人提供）： 社会认知的实验研究证明了关系自我基础上的心理过程。它表明，自我是与那些一个人所认识和所爱的人，无论是活着的还是死去的，都有关系或联系。自我作为这些先前关系的函数而变化，这些关系对当前关系产生影响。与新的人在新的环境中所带来的潜在性、痛苦和快乐，往往由头脑中特定的重要他人表征来定义（有时也会受到限制）。这项研究是在联邦支持下进行的（NIMH的R 01），构成了对日常人际关系中百年历史的临床概念转移的第一个实验演示（例如，Andersen & Glassman，1996）。以前的关系为这个人提供了一个潜在的基质或关系自我的库。该项目的目标是编写一本学术书籍，一本全面，批判和分析的学术，科学评论，将这项研究定位于更广泛的关于自我，情绪和自我调节的文献中，确定文献中一致的主题和差距，需要检查的问题以及心理健康的影响。长期以来对临床假设的兴趣，即人类的痛苦可能是由于在新的人际环境中重新体验旧的关系模式，突出了这项工作的心理健康相关性。一本关于关系自我的书是必要的，因为很少有心理学和精神病学的研究人员能够跟上心理科学中这些经验性发现的步伐，而且医疗保健专业人员和政策制定者也可能发现它们的价值。这本关于关系自我的学术著作将是第一本讨论移情的社会认知过程的书。它将把实验研究与长期的人格和临床理论相结合，以研究人员和从业人员都能接触到的方式突出对心理健康和临床实践的影响。它还将通过认知激活和使用的潜在过程提供一个窗口，以了解自我的可变性和稳定性，这些过程不依赖于有意识的意识或注意力。因为指导框架是一个“如果-那么”的人格模型（例如，Mischel & Shoda，1995），重点是自我中有意义的情境变异性，这项关于关系自我的工作在理论上也是整合的，因此在这方面具有价值。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Experimental research in social cognition demonstrates the psychological processes at the basis of the relational self. It suggests that the self is relational or bound up with those whom one has known and loved, whether living or deceased. The self varies as a function of these prior relationships, which have an impact on current ones. The potentialities, pains, and pleasures brought to new situations with new people are often defined (and at times constrained) by the particular significant-other representation called to mind. This research, conducted with federal support (an R01 from NIMH), constitutes the first experimental demonstration of the century-old clinical concept transference in everyday interpersonal relations (e.g., Andersen & Glassman, 1996). Previous relationships supply the person with an underlying substrate or repertoire of relational selves. The project's objective is the preparation of an academic book, a scholarly, scientific review that is comprehensive, critical, and analytic, to locate this research in broader literatures on the self, emotion, and self-regulation, identifying consistent themes and gaps in the literature, questions in need of examination, and mental health implications. Longstanding interest in the clinical assumption that human suffering may result from re-experiencing old relationship patterns in new interpersonal contexts highlights the mental health relevance of this work. A book on the relational self is needed both because too few researchers in psychology and psychiatry have kept abreast of these empirical findings in psychological science and because health care professionals and policymakers are also likely to find them of value. This scholarly book on the relational self will be the first to address the social-cognitive process of transference. It will integrate experimental research with longstanding personality and clinical theory to highlight the implications for mental health and clinical practice in ways that are accessible both to researchers and to practitioners. It will also offer a window onto variability and stability in the self through underlying processes of cognitive activation and use, which do not rely on conscious awareness or attention. Because the guiding framework is an if-then model of personality (e.g., Mischel & Shoda, 1995) that focuses on meaningful contextual variability in the self, this work on the relational self is also theoretically integrative and thus of value in this way.