Environmental cues triggering pluripotency and plantlet development in Kalanchoë

环境因素触发长寿花的多能性和植株发育

• 批准号: 2625046
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2625046
• 关键词: Environmental; cues; triggering; pluripotency; plantlet

How a cell determines its fate is one of the longstanding and fundamental questions in Biology. Compared with animal cells, plant cells demonstrate incredible plasticity in terms of cell fate changes. A differentiated plant somatic cell can be triggered to de-differentiate and to regain its pluripotency. Despite the potential agricultural impact and fundamental biological importance of this phenomenon, research on "triggered pluripotency" has been left largely unexplored in plants. Kalanchoë (Mother of thousands) species propagate asexually by forming baby plants (plantlets) on the edge of leaves. During plantlet formation, somatic cells in the leaf margin change their cell fate and regain pluripotency to form plantlets. However, little is known about underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms and cues triggering such a cell fate change during plantlet initiation. The main aim of this project is to unravel the molecular genetic mechanisms involved in the plantlet initiation. Specifically, you will investigate the role of the nutrition sensing master regulator, TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) during this process. First, you will determine when and where the initiation occurs using a combination of state of the art technologies. Then you will investigate the role of TOR during plantlet formation by inhibiting the TOR pathway. You will also perform laser capture microdissection (LCM) and RNA-Seq to identify key regulators and pathways and to build an integrated model of this process. Furthermore, you will investigate how nutrient supply, primarily sugars as the products of photosynthesis, is sensed by TOR and affects plantlet formation. The multidisciplinary approaches used in this project will deliver novel insights into how biochemical, biophysical and specific molecular components cooperate to trigger pluripotency and initiate plantlet development, which can be used to explain broader developmental processes. As such this project will provide a broad training in cutting edge techniques in plant molecular sciences and allow you to make a substantive contribution to important developmental processes underlying food security.

细胞如何决定其命运是生物学中长期存在的基本问题之一。与动物细胞相比，植物细胞在细胞命运变化方面表现出难以置信的可塑性。可以触发分化的植物体细胞去分化并恢复其多能性。尽管这种现象对农业有潜在的影响，也具有重要的生物学意义，但在植物中对“触发多能性”的研究在很大程度上尚未得到探索。Kalkië（成千上万的母亲）物种通过在叶子边缘形成幼苗（小植株）进行无性繁殖。在成苗过程中，叶缘的体细胞改变其细胞命运并恢复多能性以形成植株。然而，很少有人知道潜在的分子和遗传机制和线索触发这样的细胞命运的变化，在植株启动。本项目的主要目的是阐明植物体发生的分子遗传机制。具体来说，您将研究营养感应主调节剂，目标的RAPAMYCIN（TOR）在这一过程中的作用。首先，您将使用最先进的技术组合来确定启动的时间和地点。然后，您将通过抑制TOR途径来研究TOR在植物形成过程中的作用。您还将进行激光捕获显微切割（LCM）和RNA-Seq，以确定关键的调控因子和途径，并建立这一过程的综合模型。此外，您将研究如何营养供应，主要是糖作为光合作用的产物，被TOR感知并影响小植株的形成。该项目中使用的多学科方法将提供有关生物化学，生物物理和特定分子组分如何合作以触发多能性并启动小植株发育的新见解，这些方法可用于解释更广泛的发育过程。因此，该项目将提供植物分子科学前沿技术的广泛培训，并使您能够为粮食安全的重要发展过程做出实质性贡献。